Virginia General Assembly
| Virginia General Assembly | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Type: | State legislature |
| Term limits: | None |
| Session start: | January 10, 2024 |
| Website: | Official Legislature Page |
| Leadership | |
| Senate President: | Winsome Sears (R) |
| House Speaker: | C. Todd Gilbert (R) |
| Majority Leader: | Senate: Dick Saslaw (D) House: Terry Kilgore (R) |
| Minority Leader: | Senate: Thomas Norment Jr. (R) House: Don Scott (Virginia) (D) |
| Structure | |
| Members: | 40 (Senate), 100 (House) |
| Length of term: | 4 years (Senate), 2 years (House) |
| Authority: | Art IV, Virginia Constitution |
| Salary: | $18,000/year for senators. $17,640/year for delegates. + per diem |
| Last election: | November 7, 2023 |
| Next election: | November 4, 2025 |
| Redistricting: | Virginia Legislature has control |
The Virginia General Assembly is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Its existence dates from the establishment of the House of Burgesses at Jamestown in 1619. It became the General Assembly in 1776 with the ratification of the Virginia Constitution.
The General Assembly is a bicameral body consisting of a lower house, the Virginia House of Delegates, with 100 members, and an upper house, the Virginia State Senate, with 40 members. The House of Delegates is presided over by a speaker of the house, while the State Senate is presided over by the lieutenant governor of Virginia. The House and Senate each elect a clerk and sergeant-at-arms. Unlike the United States Senate, the Virginia's State Senate clerk is known as the "Clerk of the Senate," instead of the title "Secretary of the Senate" used in the U.S. Senate.
The General Assembly meets in Virginia's capital, Richmond. When sitting in Richmond, the General Assembly holds sessions in the Virginia State Capitol, designed by Thomas Jefferson in 1788 and expanded in 1904. The building was renovated in 2005-2006. Senators and delegates have their offices in the General Assembly Building across the street directly north of the Capitol. The governor of Virginia lives across the street directly east of the Capitol in the Virginia Governor's Mansion.
The Virginia General Assembly is the oldest legislative body in the Western Hemisphere. It previously met in Jamestown, Virginia from 1619 until 1699, when it moved to Williamsburg, Virginia and met in the colonial Capitol. The government was moved to Richmond in 1780 during the administration of Governor Thomas Jefferson, and the General Assembly has met there ever since.
Virginia has a divided government where neither party holds a trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and the lower chamber of the state legislature, while the Democratic Party controls the upper chamber of the state legislature.
Elections
2025
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates will take place in 2025. The general election is on November 4, 2025.
2023
Elections for the Virginia State Senate took place in 2023. The general election was on November 7, 2023. A primary was held on June 20, 2023. The filing deadline was April 6, 2023.
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2023. The general election was on November 7, 2023. A primary was held on June 20, 2023. The filing deadline was April 6, 2023.
2021
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2021. The primary was on June 8, 2021, and the general election was on November 2. Party committees could also choose to hold conventions instead of primaries. Those conventions were held throughout the spring of 2021. The filing deadline for primary candidates was March 25, 2021.[1]
2019
Elections for the Virginia State Senate took place in 2019. The primary was on June 11, 2019, and the general election was on November 5. The filing deadline for candidates was March 28, 2019.
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2019. The primary was on June 11, 2019, and the general election was on November 5. The filing deadline for candidates was March 28, 2019.
2017
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2017. All 100 house seats were up for election. The general election took place on November 7, 2017. A primary election took place on June 13, 2017. The filing deadline for primary election candidates was March 30, 2017. The filing deadline for non-party candidates and candidates nominated by methods other than a primary was June 13, 2017.[2]
2015
Elections for the Virginia State Senate took place in 2015. A primary election was held on June 9, 2015. The general election took place on November 3, 2015. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was March 26, 2015.[3]
Elections for the Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2015. A primary election was held on June 9, 2015. The general election took place on November 3, 2015. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was March 26, 2015.[4]
2013
Elections for the office of Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2013. The primary election was held on June 11, 2013, and the general election was held on November 2, 2013. The candidate filing deadline was March 28, 2013.
2011
Elections for the office of Virginia State Senate took place in 2011. The primary election was held on August 23, 2011, and the general election was held on November 6, 2011. The candidate filing deadline was June 15, 2011.
Elections for the office of Virginia House of Delegates took place in 2011. The primary election was held on August 23, 2011, and the general election was held on November 6, 2011. The candidate filing deadline was June 15, 2011.
Sessions
Article IV of the Virginia Constitution establishes when the General Assembly is to be in session. Section 6 of Article IV states that the General Assembly is to convene annually on the second Wednesday in January. In even-numbered years, regular sessions are limited to sixty days. In odd-numbered years, regular sessions are limited to thirty days. Section 6 allows the General Assembly to extend its regular sessions by thirty days if two-thirds of each house vote to extend the session.
Section 6 allows the Governor of Virginia to convene special sessions of the General Assembly. Section 6 also allows for a special session to be called when it is requested by two-thirds of the members of each house.[5]
2024
- See also: 2024 Virginia legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions
In 2024, the legislature is scheduled to convene on January 10, 2024, and adjourn on March 9, 2024.
2023
In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 11, 2023, and adjourn on February 25, 2023.
| Click [show] for past years' session dates. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
2022In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 12, 2022, and adjourn on March 12, 2022. 2021In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 13, 2021, and adjourn on February 8, 2021. 2020In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8, 2020, and adjourn on March 12, 2020.
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. The Virginia General Assembly adjourned its regular session on March 12, 2020. A special session convened on August 18, 2020. 2019In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2019, through February 24, 2019. 2018In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 10, 2018, through March 10, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here. 2017
In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 11, 2017, through February 25, 2017. The legislature held a veto session on April 5. 2016
In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 13 through March 11. The legislature held a one-day veto session on April 20, 2016.[6] 2015
In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 14 through February 28. Major issues in 2015Major issues during the 2015 legislative session included job creation and education, the latter being especially important to Republicans according to State Senator Mark Obenshain (R). Obenshain noted that Democrats were especially focused on firearm ownership regulation issues. Both parties expressed their desire to work towards improving Virginia's economy.[7] 2014
In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 8 through March 10. Major issues in 2014Major issues during the 2014 legislative session included expanding Medicaid, a $97 billion spending plan, and raising the minimum wage.[8] 2013
In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 9 to February 25. Major issues in 2013Major issues in the 2013 legislative session included abortion, education, transportation, firearm ownership regulation, and ending a ban on uranium mining.[9] 2012
In 2012, the legislature was in regular session from January 11 through March 10.[10] 2011
In 2011, the legislature was in regular session from January 12 through February 27. On February 27, 2011, a special redistricting session was convened. A reconvened session began on April 6 at 12 p.m. to consider any governor's amendments and/or vetoes to legislation passed by the legislature. This was the only business that could occur during the reconvened session.[11] A second special session convened June 9 and lasted through July 29. The session was called to elect judges to the state Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals.[12] 2010
In 2010, the legislature was in session from January 13 to March 13.[13] |
Role in state budget
- See also: Virginia state budget and finances
Virginia on 
|
The state operates on a biennial budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[14]
- Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in August.
- State agency budget requests are submitted September through October.
- The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the Virginia General Assembly in December.
- The General Assembly adopts a budget in March or April. A simple majority is required to pass a budget.
- The biennial budget cycle begins in July.
Virginia is one of 43 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[14]
The legislature is not required to pass, and the governor is not required to sign, a balanced budget. However, the governor is required to make sure actual expenditures do not exceed revenues by the end of the appropriation period.[14]
Senate
The Senate of Virginia is the upper house of the Virginia General Assembly. It is composed of 40 senators and is presided over by the lieutenant governor of Virginia. Prior to American independence, the other part of government was represented by the Governor's Council, an upper house made up of executive counselors appointed by the governor as advisers.
As of the 2020 Census, Virginia state senators represented an average of 216,364 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 200,943 residents.
The lieutenant governor, unlike the vice president of the United States in the United States Senate, presides daily over the Virginia Senate. In the lieutenant governor's absence, a president pro tempore presides, usually a powerful member of the majority party. The Senate is coequal with the House of Delegates, the lower chamber of the legislature, except that taxation bills must originate in the House, just like in the U.S. Congress.
Virginia senators are elected every four years on the Tuesday succeeding the first Monday in November.
| Party | As of January 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 22 | |
| Republican Party | 17 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 1 | |
| Total | 40 | |
Click here for a list of members of this chamber.
Democrats won a 21-19 majority in the Virginia State Senate in 2019, gaining control of the chamber for the first time since 2007.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Virginia Senate following every general election from 1991 to 2019. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Virginia State Senate election results: 1991-2019
| Party | 91 | 95[15] | 99 | 03 | 07 | 11[16] | 15 | 19 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 22 | 20 | 19 | 16 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 21 |
| Republicans | 18 | 20 | 21 | 24 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 19 |
House of Delegates
The Virginia House of Delegates is the lower house of the Virginia General Assembly. It has 100 members elected for terms of two years. Unlike most states, these elections take place during odd-numbered years.
As of the 2020 Census, Virginia state representatives represented an average of 86,545 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 80,377 residents.
The House is presided over by the speaker of the house, who is elected from among the House membership by the delegates. The speaker is almost always a member of the majority party and, as Speaker, becomes the most powerful member of the House. The House shares legislative power with the Senate of Virginia, the upper house of the Virginia General Assembly. The House of Delegates is the modern-day successor to the Virginia House of Burgesses. In addition to the speaker, there is a majority leader, majority caucus chair, minority leader, minority caucus chair, and the chairs of the several committees of the House. The Virginia House of Delegates is considered the oldest continuous legislative body in the Western Hemisphere, having been formed as the House of Burgesses at Jamestown in 1619.
The House has met in Virginia's Capitol Building, designed by Thomas Jefferson, since 1788. In recent years, the General Assembly members and staff operate from offices in the General Assembly Building, located in Capitol Square.
| Party | As of January 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 45 | |
| Republican Party | 48 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 7 | |
| Total | 100 | |
Click here for a list of members of this chamber.
Republicans won a 52-48 majority in the Virginia House of Delegates in 2021, gaining control of the chamber for the first time since 2017.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Virginia House following every general election from 1991 to 2021. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Virginia House of Delegates election results: 1991-2021
| Year | '91 | '93 | '95 | '97[17] | '99 | '01 | '03 | '05 | '07 | '09 | '11 | '13 | '15 | '17 | '19 | '21 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 58 | 52 | 52 | 50 | 47 | 31 | 37 | 39 | 44 | 39 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 49 | 55 | 48 |
| Republicans | 41 | 47 | 47 | 49 | 52 | 67 | 61 | 58 | 54 | 59 | 67 | 67 | 66 | 51 | 45 | 52 |
| Other | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
District maps
State Senate
State House
Veto overrides
- See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Virginia are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members present in both chambers.
| Two-thirds of members present in both chambers must vote to override a veto. If all members are in attendance, this is 67 of the 100 members in the Virginia House of Delegates and 27 of the 40 members in the Virginia State Senate. Virginia is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?
| According to Article IV, Section 6 of the Virginia Constitution, the legislature shall automatically reconvene in a special veto session six weeks after the adjournment of the regular session to consider veto overrides. The session lasts for three days unless a majority of members in both chambers vote to extend it for a period no longer than seven days. |
Authority: Article V, Section 6 of the Virginia Constitution.
| "(ii) The Governor may veto the bill if he objects to it by returning the bill with his objections to the house in which the bill originated. The house shall enter the objections in its journal and reconsider the bill. The house may override the veto by a two-thirds vote of the members present, which two-thirds shall include a majority of the members elected to that house. If the house of origin overrides the Governor's veto, it shall send the bill and Governor's objections to the other house where the bill shall be reconsidered. The second house may override the Governor's veto by a two-thirds vote of the members present, which two-thirds shall include a majority of the members elected to that house. If both houses override the Governor's veto, the bill shall become law without his signature." |
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in Virginia
On November 3, 2020, Virginia voters approved a constitutional amendment establishing a commission-driven congressional and state legislative redistricting process. The 16-member commission comprises eight legislators and eight non-legislator members. Leaders of the legislature's two largest political parties select legislators to serve on the commission. The commission's eight citizen members are recommended by legislative leaders and selected by a committee of five retired circuit court judges. The commissioners themselves select one of the eight citizens to serve as chairperson.[18]
District maps are subject to the following consensus requirements:[18]
- Congressional maps: Approval by 12 commissioners, including six legislators and six non-legislators.
- Virginia State Senate: Approval by 12 commissioners, including six legislators (with three state senators) and six non-legislators.
- Virginia House of Delegates: Approval by 12 commissioners, including six legislators (with three state delegates) and six non-legislators.
The commission submits its maps to the General Assembly, which can vote to approve the maps or reject them. The General Assembly cannot amend the maps. If the General Assembly rejects a map, the commission must draft a second map. If the General Assembly rejects that map, the Virginia Supreme Court is tasked with enacting a new map.[18][19]
2020
The Virginia Supreme Court unanimously approved district maps for the Virginia House of Delegates and Virginia State Senate on December 28, 2021.[20] Democratic and Republican consultants submitted statewide map proposals for consideration to the Virginia Redistricting Commission on September 18, 2021.[21] The commission had reviewed earlier maps on August 31, 2021, that were focused solely on suburbs in northern Virginia that were drawn from scratch and did not consider legislative incumbents’ home addresses in keeping with earlier commission decisions.[22][23] After the commission missed its deadline for approving map proposals and the Virginia Supreme Court assumed authority over the process, the two special masters selected by the court released proposals for House and Senate districts on December 8, 2021.[24]These maps took effect for Virginia's 2023 legislative elections.
2010
Virginia received its local census data on February 3, 2011. The state's population grew by 13 percent from 2000 to 2010; its growth mostly occurred in the northeastern part of the state, while declines ranging up to 13.4 percent occurred in counties along the southern and western edges. Loudoun County stood out with an 84.1 percent increase. Growth in the largest cities was less generous: Virginia Beach grew by 3.0 percent, Norfolk grew by 3.6 percent, Chesapeake grew by 11.6 percent, Richmond grew by 3.2 percent, and Newport News grew by 0.3 percent.[25]
The Assembly was split going into redistricting. Republicans controlled the House, and Democrats controlled the Senate. The House set a 1% standard for allowance of deviation from the ideal district size (88,900 people), while the Senate passed a 2% standard (200,000 being the ideal size). The Senate and House reached a verbal agreement that the chambers would draw their own lines and not interfere with the other's.
The House and Senate approved their maps on April 6 and 7, 2011, respectively. While the House had an 86-8 approval vote, the Senate went along party lines 22-18. Governor Bob McDonnell (R) vetoed the maps on April 15, citing concerns about the increase in the number of divided communities, the Senate plan's higher deviation standard, and the partisan vote in the Senate.
The House quickly returned and passed revisions that rejoined several divided districts. The chamber eventually worked out a compromise (passing on a 32-5 vote) that split Virginia Beach, reduced the number of splits in Prince William County, and split the College of William & Mary from Thomas Norment's (R) district. McDonnell signed the revised plan on April 29, 2011.
Legislators
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2023 | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $18,000/year for senators. $17,640/year for delegates. | $209/day |
Swearing in dates
Virginia legislators assume office the second Wednesday in January after the election.[26][27]
Joint legislative committees
- See also: Public policy in Virginia
The Virginia General Assembly has no joint standing committees. However, the General Assembly does employ many smaller joint commissions.
History
Partisan balance 1992-2013
Virginia Senate: From 1992-2013, the Democratic Party was the majority in the Virginia State Senate for eight years while Republicans were the majority for 12 years. Virginia was under Republican trifectas for the final two years of the study.
Across the country, there were 541 Democratic and 517 Republican state senates from 1992 to 2013.
Virginia House of Delegates: From 1992-2013, the Democratic Party was the majority in the Virginia State House of Representatives for the first four years while the Republicans were the majority for the last 14 years. Virginia was under Republican trifectas for the final two years of the study.
Across the country, there were 577 Democratic and 483 Republican State Houses of Representatives from 1992 to 2013.
Over the course of the 22-year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period (1992), 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments. In 2013, only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied.
The chart below shows the partisan composition of the Office of the Governor of Virginia, the Virginia State Senate and the Virginia House of Delegates from 1992 to 2013.
.PNG)
SQLI and partisanship
- To read the full report on the State Quality of Life Index (SQLI) in PDF form, click here.
The chart below depicts the partisanship of the Virginia state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from 1-50, with 1 being the best and 50 the worst. During the course of the study, Virginia experienced both Democratic and Republican trifectas as well as divided governments. For over half the years of the study, Virginia was ranked in the top-10. This occurred during a Democratic trifecta, Republican trifectas, and divided government. Both its highest ranking, finishing 1st in 2006, and its lowest ranking, finishing 26th in 1997, occurred during divided governments.
- SQLI average with Democratic trifecta: 11.00
- SQLI average with Republican trifecta: 7.67
- SQLI average with divided government: 9.00
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the Virginia Constitution can be amended:
The Virginia Constitution can be amended through two different paths—a legislative process, and a constitutional convention. Virginia does not feature the power of initiative for either initiated constitutional amendments or initiated state statutes.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during two successive legislative sessions for the Virginia State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 51 votes in the Virginia House of Delegates and 21 votes in the Virginia State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
Amendments to or revisions of the state's constitution can be proposed by a constitutional convention as established in Section 2 of Article XII. A convention can happen if the state's legislature "by a vote of two-thirds of the members elected to each house" calls a convention.
2025 measures:
- See also: 2025 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures have been certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
Potential:
- The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2025.
No measures to list
2024 measures:
Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature or that have made it approximately halfway through the process in the legislature for referral to the ballot in 2024.
- See also: Virginia 2024 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures have been certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
Potential:
- The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2024.
See also
| Elections | Virginia State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
|---|---|---|---|
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ Virginia Department of Elections, "Calendars & Schedules," accessed February 6, 2021
- ↑ Virginia Department of Elections, "Candidacy Requirements for the November 7, 2017 General Election," accessed March 21, 2017
- ↑ Virginia State Board of Elections, "2015 November Election Calendar," accessed January 2, 2015
- ↑ Virginia State Board of Elections, "2015 November Election Calendar," accessed January 2, 2015
- ↑ Virginia Law Library, "Constitution of Virginia," accessed February 16, 2021
- ↑ pilotonline.com, "Lawmakers set to return for veto session," accessed February 16, 2021
- ↑ David Sherfinski, Washington Times, "Terry McAuliffe’s 2015 Va. agenda includes economics, health care," January 25, 2015
- ↑ Daily Press, "Virginia General Assembly opens, lawmakers ease back into action," January 8, 2014
- ↑ WRIC, "Virginia General Assembly To Convene For 2013 Session," January 9, 2013
- ↑ ncsl.org, "2012 Legislative Session Calendar," accessed February 16, 2021
- ↑ The Washington Post, "Virginia General Assembly to convene legislative redistricting session," April 3, 2011
- ↑ Post Local, "Va. assembly to vote Friday on Supreme Court, appeals judges," July 29, 2011
- ↑ Virginia General Assembly, "2010 Session calendar," accessed February 16, 2021
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑ Chamber governed by a power-sharing agreement.
- ↑ Control of the Senate varied between the 2011 and 2015 elections. Republicans controlled the chamber from 2012 through 2013, with a Republican lieutenant governor serving as a tie-breaking vote. Democrats won the lieutenant governorship in 2013, giving them control for the first half of 2014. One Democrat resigned in June 2014 and Republicans won the August 2014 special election, giving the party a 21-19 majority.
- ↑ Following the election, one Democrat resigned and Republicans won the subsequent special election. The one independent also caucused with Republicans, giving the chamber a 50-50 split, decided through a power-sharing agreement.
- ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Virginia's Legislative Information System, "HJ 615 Constitutional amendment; Virginia Redistricting Commission (first reference)," accessed November 18, 2020
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Virginia," accessed May 8, 2015
- ↑ 13News Now, "Virginia has new voting maps after redistricting process finishes," December 30, 2021
- ↑ ABC 7, "Virginia bipartisan redistricting panel starts off with partisan maps," September 20, 2021
- ↑ El Paso Inc., "First redistricting map drafts leave some lawmakers unhappy," September 2, 2021
- ↑ Virginia Mercury, "Virginia’s Redistricting Commission has its first draft maps. They look… normal?" September 2, 2021
- ↑ Associated Press, "Proposed congressional maps give Dems an edge in Virginia," December 9, 2021
- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Virginia's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting," February 3, 2011
- ↑ Virginia Legislative Information System, "Code of Virginia - § 24.2-214. Election and term of Senators." accessed January 6, 2022
- ↑ Virginia Legislative Information System, "Code of Virginia - § 24.2-215. Election and term of members of the House of Delegates." accessed January 6, 2022
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State of Virginia Richmond (capital) |
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