Signature requirements for ballot measures
The following 26 states, as well as Washington, D.C., have a process for citizen initiatives and/or veto referendums. Click on the links below to read about signature requirements and deadlines for ballot initiatives in each state.
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Alaska
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Arizona
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Arkansas
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in California
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Colorado
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Florida
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Idaho
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Illinois
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Maine
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Maryland
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Massachusetts
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Michigan
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Mississippi
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Missouri
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Montana
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Nebraska
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Nevada
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in New Mexico
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in North Dakota
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Ohio
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Oklahoma
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Oregon
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in South Dakota
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Utah
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Washington
- Signature requirements for ballot measures in Wyoming
Chart of powers in each state
There are 26 states that provide citizens with the power of initiative, referendum, or both. The following table shows the type of citizen-initiated ballot measures in each of those states. The table also provides the signature requirements for each type of measure for the 2023-2024 election cycle.
States that provide for types of citizen-initiated measures and current signature requirements | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | Constitutional | Signatures | Statute | Signatures | Referendum | Signatures | |
Alaska | No | N/A | Yes | 26,705 | Yes | 26,705 | |
Arizona | Yes | 383,923 | Yes | 255,949 | Yes | 127,975 | |
Arkansas | Yes | 90,704 | Yes | 72,563 | Yes | 54,422 | |
California | Yes | 874,641 | Yes | 546,651 | Yes | 546,651 | |
Colorado | Yes | 124,238 | Yes | 124,238 | Yes | 124,238 | |
Florida | Yes | 891,589 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
Idaho | No | N/A | Yes | 62,895 | Yes | 62,895 | |
Illinois | Yes | 328,371 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
Maine | No | N/A | Yes | 67,682 | Yes | 67,682 | |
Maryland | No | N/A | No | N/A | Yes | 60,157 | |
Massachusetts | Yes | 74,490 | Yes | 74,490 | Yes | 37,245[1] | |
Michigan | Yes | 446,198 | Yes | 356,958 | Yes | 223,099 | |
Mississippi[2] | Yes | 106,190 | No | N/A | No | N/A | |
Missouri | Yes | 171,592[3] | Yes | 107,246[3] | Yes | 107,246[3] | |
Montana | Yes | 60,359 | Yes | 30,179 | Yes | 30,179 | |
Nebraska | Yes | 126,838 | Yes | 88,787 | Yes | 63,419[4] | |
New Mexico | No | N/A | No | N/A | Yes | 71,475[5] | |
Nevada | Yes | 102,362 | Yes | 135,561 | Yes | 102,362 | |
North Dakota | Yes | 31,164 | Yes | 15,582 | Yes | 15,582 | |
Ohio | Yes | 413,487 | Yes | 248,092[6] | Yes | 248,093 | |
Oklahoma | Yes | 172,993 | Yes | 92,263 | Yes | 57,664 | |
Oregon | Yes | 156,231 | Yes | 117,173 | Yes | 78,115 | |
South Dakota | Yes | 35,017 | Yes | 17,508 | Yes | 17,508 | |
Utah | No | N/A | Yes | 134,298 | Yes | 134,298 | |
Washington | No | N/A | Yes | 324,516 | Yes | 162,258 | |
Wyoming | No | N/A | Yes | 29,730 | Yes | 29,730 |
See also
- States that allow initiated constitutional amendments
- States with referendum only
- States with initiated statutes only
- States without initiative or referendum
- List of ballot measures by state
- Amending state constitutions
- Laws governing ballot measures
External links
Foot notes
- ↑ This was the number of signatures required to put a targeted law before voters. To suspend the enactment of the targeted law until the election, the requirement was 49,660 valid signatures.
- ↑ On May 14, 2021, the Mississippi Supreme Court issued a 6-3 decision stating that it is impossible for any petition to meet the state's distribution requirement and has been impossible since congressional reapportionment in 2001. The six justices wrote, "... Whether with intent, by oversight, or for some other reason, the drafters of [the constitutional signature distribution requirement] wrote a ballot initiative process that cannot work in a world where Mississippi has fewer than five representatives in Congress. To work in today’s reality, it will need amending—something that lies beyond the power of the Supreme Court."
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 This is the minimum required if signatures are collected in the congressional districts with the lowest numbers of votes cast in 2020. The signature requirement varies based on what districts are targeted for signature collection.
- ↑ To suspend the enactment of the targeted law until the election, the requirement is 126,838 valid signatures.
- ↑ This was the number of signatures required to put a targeted law before voters. To suspend the enactment of the targeted law until the election, the requirement was 178,689 valid signatures.
- ↑ This is the requirement for two rounds of signatures to get an initiated statute on the ballot; half the number of signatures—124,046—is required to place the initiative before the legislature.
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