Nebraska State Senate (Unicameral)

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Nebraska State Senate
SLP-Infobox Image-Color.png
General Information
Party control:   Republican
Session start:   January 3, 2024
Session end:   April 18, 2024
Term length:   4 years
Term limits:   2 terms (8 years)
Redistricting:  Legislature-dominant
Salary:   $12,000/year + per diem
Members
Total:  49
Democrats:  16
Republicans:  32
Other:  1
Vacancies:  0
Leadership
President:   Joe Kelly (R)
Elections
Last election:  November 8, 2022
Next election:  November 5, 2024

The Nebraska State Senate forms the legislative branch of the Nebraska state government and works alongside the governor of Nebraska to create laws and establish a state budget. It is unique in that it is the only state legislature in the country that is unicameral. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the Nebraska State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.

The Nebraska State Senate meets in the state capitol building in Lincoln, Nebraska.

  • Twenty-four of the chamber's 49 seats were up for election in 2022. The chamber's Republican supermajority remained 32-17.
  • Twenty-five of the chamber's 49 seats were up for election in 2020. The chamber's Republican supermajority increased from 30-18 (with an unaffiliated member) to 32-17.
  • Nebraska has a Republican trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and the upper chamber of the state legislature. Nebraska's legislature does not have a lower chamber.

  • This page contains the following information on the Nebraska State Senate.

    Party control

    Partisan affiliation

    There are no formal party alignments or groups within the Nebraska State Senate. Coalitions tend to form issue-by-issue based on a member's philosophy of government, geographic background, and constituency. However, almost all of the members of the legislature are affiliated with the state affiliate of either the Democratic or the Republican Party and both parties explicitly endorse candidates for legislative seats. Senators and candidates are listed as officially nonpartisan, but in most cases the individual has a direct party affiliation. As an example, in most cases if a sitting senator runs for Congress, the individual runs on either the Democratic or Republican line on the ballot.

    Click here for more information on how Ballotpedia determined the partisan affiliation for Nebraska senators. »

    Current partisan control

    The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the Nebraska State Senate as of January 2024:

    Party As of January 2024
         Democratic Party 16
         Republican Party 32
         Other 1
         Vacancy 0
    Total 49

    Members

    Leadership

    The speaker presides over the legislature in the absence of the lieutenant governor, but the day-to-day matters of the body are dealt with by the Executive Board. The board includes the speaker, a chairperson, a vice-chairperson, and six other senators. The chairperson and vice-chairperson are chosen for two-year terms by the legislature as a whole. Senators are classified into three geographically-based caucuses; each caucus elects two board members. Finally, the chairman of the Appropriations Committee serves, but cannot vote on any matter, and can only speak on fiscal matters.[1]

    Leadership and members

    The Nebraska State Senate is officially a nonpartisan chamber; click here for more information about why sitting members have political party affiliations listed.


    Office Name Party Date assumed office
    Nebraska State Senate District 1 Julie Slama Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 2 Robert Clements Republican February 6, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 3 Carol Blood Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 4 R. Brad von Gillern Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 5 Mike McDonnell Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 6 Machaela Cavanaugh Democratic January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 7 Tony Vargas Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 8 Megan Hunt Nonpartisan January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 9 John Cavanaugh Democratic January 6, 2021
    Nebraska State Senate District 10 Wendy DeBoer Democratic January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 11 Terrell McKinney Democratic January 6, 2021
    Nebraska State Senate District 12 Merv Riepe Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 13 Justin T. Wayne Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 14 John Arch Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 15 Lynne Walz Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 16 Ben Hansen Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 17 Joni Albrecht Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 18 Christy Armendariz Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 19 Rob Dover Republican July 22, 2022
    Nebraska State Senate District 20 John Fredrickson Democratic January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 21 Beau Ballard Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 22 Mike Moser Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 23 Bruce Bostelman Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 24 Jana Hughes Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 25 Carolyn Bosn Republican April 11, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 26 George Dungan III Democratic January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 27 Anna Wishart Democratic January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 28 Jane Raybould Democratic January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 29 Eliot Bostar Democratic January 6, 2021
    Nebraska State Senate District 30 Myron Dorn Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 31 Kathleen Kauth Republican June 7, 2022
    Nebraska State Senate District 32 Tom Brandt Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 33 Steve Halloran Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 34 Loren Lippincott Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 35 Raymond Aguilar Republican January 6, 2021
    Nebraska State Senate District 36 Rick Holdcroft Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 37 John Lowe Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 38 Dave Murman Republican January 9, 2019
    Nebraska State Senate District 39 Lou Ann Linehan Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 40 Barry DeKay Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 41 Fred Meyer Republican November 15, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 42 Michael Jacobson Republican February 23, 2022
    Nebraska State Senate District 43 Tom Brewer Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 44 Teresa Ibach Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 45 Rita Sanders Republican January 6, 2021
    Nebraska State Senate District 46 Danielle Conrad Democratic January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 47 Steve Erdman Republican January 4, 2017
    Nebraska State Senate District 48 Brian Hardin Republican January 4, 2023
    Nebraska State Senate District 49 Jen Day Democratic January 6, 2021


    Beyond the Headlines - Title Banner.png
    Staff Researcher Madison Adkins shares what makes the Nebraska State Senate unique
    View other episodes here.


    Salaries

    See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
    State legislative salaries, 2023
    SalaryPer diem
    $12,000/yearFor legislators residing within 50 miles of the capitol: $55/day. For legislators residing more than 50 miles from the capitol: $151/day.

    Swearing in dates

    See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

    Nebraska legislators assume office the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January.[2]

    Membership qualifications

    See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

    A candidate for the Nebraska Legislature must meet the following qualifications:[3]

    • Be registered to vote
    • Be at least 21 years of age
    • Be a resident of Nebraska, and specifically a resident of the legislative district he or she wishes to serve, for at least one year prior to the general election

    Historical party control

    Republicans maintained control of the Nebraska State Senate in 2022. That year, they won a 32-17 majority.

    While Nebraska's Unicameral is officially nonpartisan, most of its lawmakers are affiliated with the state affiliate of either the Democratic or the Republican Party. In 2015, Ballotpedia began to identify the party affiliation of the Legislature's 49 members. Ballotpedia assigned party affiliation based on voter registration, member lists provided by the Nebraska Democratic Party and Nebraska Republican Party, as well as information provided by nonprofit organizations.

    The table below shows the partisan history of the Nebraska State Senate following the 2014 general election.

    Nebraska State Senate election results: 2014-2022

    Party 14 16 20 22
    Democrats 12 15 17 17
    Republicans 35 32 32 32
    Other 2 2 0 0

    In 1934, Nebraska voters approved a constitutional amendment that transformed Nebraska's bicameral, or two-chamber, state legislature into a unicameral, or single-chamber, Nebraska State Senate. The amendment also established the state legislature as a nonpartisan body. The new unicameral Legislature met for the first time in 1937.[4]


    Trifecta history

    A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, Nebraska was under the following types of trifecta control:

    • Democratic trifecta: 1992-1998
    • Republican trifecta: 1999-2023
    • Divided government: None

    Nebraska Party Control: 1992-2024
    Seven years of Democratic trifectas  •  Twenty-six years of Republican trifectas
    Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

    Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
    Governor D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
    Senate - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    Elections

    Elections by year

    Nebraska state senators serve staggered, four-year terms and half of the Senate is up for election every two years. Nebraska holds elections for its legislature in even years.

    Members are selected in nonpartisan elections. Rather than separate primaries held to choose Republican, Democratic, and other partisan contenders for a seat, Nebraska uses a single nonpartisan primary election, in which the top two vote-getters are entitled to run in the general election. There are no formal party alignments or groups within the Legislature. Coalitions tend to form issue by issue based on a member's philosophy of government, geographic background, and constituency. However, almost all the members of the legislature are affiliated with the state affiliate of either the Democratic or the Republican Party and both parties explicitly endorse candidates for legislative seats. In short, while Senators and candidates are listed as officially nonpartisan, but in most cases the individual has a direct party affiliation. For more information about the partisan affiliations of the members, please click here.

    2024

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2024

    Elections for the Nebraska State Senate will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. A primary is May 14, 2024. The filing deadline for an incumbent is February 15, 2024. The filing deadline for non-incumbent candidates is March 1, 2024.

    2022

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2022

    Elections for the Nebraska State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for May 10, 2022. The filing deadline for incumbents was February 15, 2022. The filing deadline for non-incumbent primary candidates was March 1, 2022.

    In the 2022 elections, Republicans maintained their 32-17 majority.

    Nebraska State Senate
    Party As of November 8, 2022 After November 9, 2022
         Democratic Party 17 17
         Republican Party 32 32
    Total 49 49

    2020

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2020

    Elections for the office of Nebraska State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for May 12, 2020. The filing deadline was March 2, 2020.

    In the 2020 elections, Republicans increased their majority in the Nebraska State Senate from 30-18 to 32-17.

    Nebraska State Senate
    Party As of November 3, 2020 After November 4, 2020
         Democratic Party 18 17
         Republican Party 30 32
         Independent 1 0
    Total 49 49

    2018

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2018

    Elections for the Nebraska State Senate took place in 2018. A top-two primary took place on May 15, 2018. The general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline for incumbents was February 15, 2018. The candidate filing deadline for non-incumbents was March 1, 2018.[5]

    In the 2018 elections, the Republican majority in the Nebraska State Senate decreased from 30-16 to 29-18.

    Nebraska State Senate
    Party As of November 6, 2018 After November 7, 2018
         Democratic Party 16 18
         Republican Party 30 29
         Libertarian Party 1 1
         Independent 1 1
         Vacancy 1 0
    Total 49 49

    2016

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2016

    Elections for the Nebraska State Senate were held in 2016. The primary election took place on May 10, 2016. The general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was February 16, 2016, for incumbents. Challengers were required to file by March 1, 2016.[6] A total of 25 seats were up for election.

    The officially nonpartisan Nebraska Unicameral maintained a Republican majority after the 2016 elections. Democrats did take three seats, altering the partisan balance slightly in the process.

    Nebraska Unicameral
    Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
         Democratic Party 12 15
         Republican Party 35 32
         Independent 1 1
         Libertarian Party 1 1
    Total 49 49

    2014

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2014

    Elections for the Nebraska State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election took place on May 13, 2014. The general election took place on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for challengers wishing to run in this election was March 3, 2014, two days after the statutory deadline, which fell on a Saturday. Incumbents were required to file for election by February 18, 2014, three days after the statutory deadline, which fell on the Saturday prior to Presidents Day.

    2012

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2012

    Elections for the office of Nebraska State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on May 15, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was February 15, 2012, for incumbents and March 1, 2012, for non-incumbents. A total of 26 seats were up for election.

    The table below details the 10 districts with the smallest margin of victory in the November 6 general election in 2012.

    During the 2012 election, the total value of contributions to Senate candidates was $4,167,514. The top 10 contributors were:[7]

    2010

    See also: Nebraska State Senate elections, 2010

    Elections for the office of Nebraska State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on May 11, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was February 15, 2010.

    In 2010, the candidates for state Senate raised a total of $1,597,466 in campaign contributions. The top 10 donors were:[8]

    Term limits

    See also: State legislatures with term limits

    The Nebraska State Senate is one of 16 state legislatures with term limits. Voters enacted the Nebraska Term Limits Act in 2000. That initiative limited senators to terms of no more than two four-year terms.[14]

    The first year that the term limits enacted in 2000 impacted the ability of incumbents to run for office was in 2008.

    Vacancies

    See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures

    If there is a vacancy in the Nebraska State Legislature, the governor is responsible for appointing a replacement. If the vacancy occurs after May 1 of the official's second year in office, the replacement must serve the remainder of the unexpired term. If the vacancy happens before that date, the replacement serves the remainder of the unfilled term before the next general election when a new representative is elected.[15]

    DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: Nebraska Rev. Stat. §32-566

    District map

    See also: Nebraska state legislative districts

    The state of Nebraska has 49 legislative districts. Each district elects one representative.

    Use the interactive map below to find your district.



    Redistricting

    See also: Redistricting in Nebraska

    In Nebraska, both congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the state legislature. A simple majority is required to approve a redistricting plan, which is subject to veto by the governor.[16]

    The Nebraska Constitution requires that state legislative districts "be contiguous and compact, and they keep to county boundaries 'whenever practicable.'"[16][17]

    On April 8, 2011, the state legislature approved the following redistricting guidelines:[16]

    1. Congressional districts should be held to the same aforementioned constitutional requirements as state legislative districts.
    2. Both congressional and state legislative districts should be "understandable to voters, preserve the cores of prior districts, and keep to boundaries of cities and villages when feasible."
    3. District boundaries "should not be established with the intention of favoring a political party, other group or any person."

    The legislature is entitled to amend these guidelines at its discretion.[16]

    2020

    See also: Redistricting in Nebraska after the 2020 census

    On September 30, 2021, the Nebraska State Legislature approved a new state legislative map, 37-7. Gov. Pete Ricketts signed the map into law shortly afterwards.[18] This map took effect for Nebraska's 2022 legislative elections.

    District map before and after 2020 redistricting

    Below is the state Senate map in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle.

    Nebraska State Senate Districts
    until January 3, 2023

    Click a district to compare boundaries.

    Nebraska State Senate Districts
    starting January 4, 2023

    Click a district to compare boundaries.


    2010

    See also: Redistricting in Nebraska after the 2010 census

    On May 26, 2011, the state Senate approved congressional and state legislative district maps. These were signed into law by the governor on the same day.[19]

    Sessions

    Legislation

    The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the Nebraska State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.

    Dates of legislative sessions in Nebraska by year

    2024

    See also: 2024 Nebraska legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions

    In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 3, 2024, and adjourn on April 18, 2024.

    2023

    See also: 2023 Nebraska legislative session and Dates of 2023 state legislative sessions

    In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 4, 2023, and adjourn on June 1, 2023.



    About legislative sessions in Nebraska

    The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[30] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.

    Article III of the Nebraska Constitution establishes when the Senate is to be in session. Section 10 of Article III states that the Senate is to convene annually on the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January. In odd-numbered years, regular sessions are limited to ninety days. In even-numbered years, regular sessions are limited to sixty days. Sessions in any year can be extended by a four-fifths majority of the Senate.

    Legislative roles and procedures

    Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, term limits, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.

    Veto overrides

    Veto Override Graphic-Republican Party.png

    See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures

    State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Nebraska are listed below.

    How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Three-fifths of members.

    Three-fifths of members in Nebraska's unicameral chamber can vote to override a veto, which is 30 of the 49 members. Nebraska is one of seven states that requires a three-fifths vote from the legislature to override a veto.

    Authority: Article IV, Section 15 of the Nebraska Constitution.

    "Every bill passed by the Legislature, before it becomes a law, shall be presented to the Governor. If he approves he shall sign it, and thereupon it shall become a law, but if he does not approve or reduces any item or items of appropriations, he shall return it with his objections to the Legislature, which shall enter the objections at large upon its journal, and proceed to reconsider the bill with the objections as a whole, or proceed to reconsider individually the item or items disapproved or reduced. If then three-fifths of the members elected agree to pass the bill with objections it shall become a law, or if three-fifths of the members elected agree to repass any item or items disapproved or reduced, the bill with such repassage shall become a law."

    Role in state budget

    See also: Nebraska state budget and finances
    Nebraska on Public Policy Logo-one line-on Ballotpedia.png
    Check out Ballotpedia articles about policy in your state on:
    BudgetsCivil libertiesEducationElectionsEnergyEnvironmentHealthcarePensions

    The state operates on a biennial budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[31]

    1. Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in July.
    2. Agency requests are submitted to the governor by September 15.
    3. On or before January 15, the governor submits his or her proposed budget to the Nebraska State Senate. The deadline is February 1 for newly elected governors.
    4. The Senate adopts a budget in May. Two-thirds of elected members must vote for the budget in order for it to pass.

    Nebraska is one of 43 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[31]

    The governor is constitutionally required to submit a balanced budget. In turn, the legislature is statutorily required to adopt a balanced budget.[31]

    Committees

    See also: List of committees in Nebraska state government

    Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.

    • Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
    • Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
    • Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.

    Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The Nebraska State Senate has 14 standing committees:

    Constitutional amendments

    In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

    The methods in which the Nebraska Constitution can be amended:

    See also: Article XVI and Article III of the Nebraska Constitution, and Laws governing the initiative process in Nebraska
    Nebraska Constitution
    Flag of Nebraska.png
    Preamble
    Articles
    IIIIIIIVVVIVIIVIIIIXXXIXIIXIIIXIVXVXVIXVIIXVIII

    Nebraska offers three different paths to amending its constitution:

    • Sixty percent of the members of the state legislature must vote for the proposed amendment.
    • The legislature can call a special statewide election to present the proposed amendment to the voters if 80 percent of the members of the state legislature vote for any such special election.
    • If no special election is called, the proposed amendment must go on the next general election ballot that includes elections for members of the state legislature.
    • The amendment becomes part of the constitution if a majority of those voting on the measure vote for it and if it wins favorable votes from at least 35 percent of those voting in the election for any office.
    • A constitutional convention can be held to "revise, amend, or change" the constitution if 60 percent of Nebraska's legislators agree to put a question about whether to have such a convention before the state's voters.
    • A convention is held if the question wins by a majority vote as long as those voting in favor equal at least 35 percent of those voting in the election.
    • Voters must ratify amendments or revisions proposed by the convention.
    • The rules for this are set out in Sections 2 and 4 of Article III.
    • The number of signatures required to qualify an amendment for the ballot is 10 percent of the state's registered voters.



    2025 measures:

    See also: 2025 ballot measures

    Certified:

    The following measures have been certified for the ballot.

    No measures to list


    Potential:

    The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2025.

    No measures to list

    2024 measures:

    Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature or that have made it approximately halfway through the process in the legislature for referral to the ballot in 2024.

    See also: Nebraska 2024 ballot measures

    Certified:

    The following measures have been certified for the ballot.

    No measures to list


    Potential:

    The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2024.

    No measures to list

    See also

    Elections Nebraska State Government State Legislatures State Politics
    Ballotpedia Elections Badge-VOTE-no shadow-Square.jpg
    Nebraska State Flag-Close Up.jpg
    State Houses-Tile image.png
    State Courts-Tile image.png

    External links

    Footnotes

    1. Nebraska Legislature, "Rules of the Nebraska Unicameral Legislature," accessed February 9, 2021
    2. Nebraska Constitution, "Article III-10," accessed November 19, 2012
    3. Nebraska Legislature, "Qualifications," accessed February 10, 2023
    4. Nebraska Legislature, "History of the Nebraska Unicameral," accessed February 9, 2021
    5. Nebraska Secretary of State, "2018 Elections," accessed June 22, 2017
    6. Nebraska Secretary of State, "Official Election Calendar," accessed December 7, 2015
    7. Follow the Money, "2012 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    8. Follow the Money, "Nebraska Senate 2010 Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    9. Follow the Money, "2008 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    10. Follow the Money, "2006 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    11. Follow the Money, "2004 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    12. Follow the Money, "2002 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    13. Follow the Money, "2000 Nebraska State Senate Campaign Contributions," accessed December 17, 2013
    14. U.S. Term Limits, "State Legislative Term Limits," accessed February 4, 2021
    15. Nebraska Legislature, "Nebraska Revised Statutes," accessed February 9, 2021 (Statute 32.566)
    16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 All About Redistricting, "Nebraska," accessed April 23, 2015
    17. Nebraska State Constitution, "Article III-5," accessed April 23, 2015
    18. Nebraska Legislature, "LB3 - Set boundaries of legislative districts," accessed September 30, 2021
    19. All About Redistricting, "Nebraska," accessed April 23, 2015
    20. KSCJ, "Nebraska Legislature Suspends Its Session," March 16, 2020
    21. MultiState, "2020 Legislative Session Dates," updated June 3, 2020
    22. Washington Times, "Taxes, prisons, roads surface as big issues in 2016 session," accessed January 6, 2016
    23. Norfolk Daily News, "Taxes, school funding among key issues for legislators," accessed January 21, 2015
    24. www.knopnews2.com, "Things to Know About the 2015 Nebraska Legislative Session," January 6, 2015
    25. Norfolk Daily News, "Short legislative session has full agenda," January 11, 2014. accessed January 11, 2014
    26. netnebraska.org, "2013 Legislature to grapple with issues including health care, taxes," accessed April 23, 2015
    27. Lincoln Journal Star, "As session begins, child welfare reform a priority," January 3, 2012
    28. National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
    29. National Conference of State Legislatures, "2010 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 19, 2014(Archived)
    30. Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed May 20, 2017
    31. 31.0 31.1 31.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023