Missouri General Assembly
| Missouri General Assembly | |
 | |
| General information | |
| Type: | State legislature |
| Term limits: | 2 terms (8 years) in Senate, 4 terms (8 years) in House |
| Session start: | January 3, 2024 |
| Website: | Official Legislature Page |
| Leadership | |
| Senate President: | Mike Kehoe (R) |
| House Speaker: | Dean Plocher (R) |
| Majority Leader: | Senate: Cindy O'Laughlin (R) House: Jon Patterson (R) |
| Minority Leader: | Senate: John Rizzo (D) House: Crystal Quade (D) |
| Structure | |
| Members: | 34 (Senate), 163 (House) |
| Length of term: | 4 years (Senate), 2 years (House) |
| Authority: | Art III, Missouri Constitution |
| Salary: | $37,711/year + per diem |
| Elections | |
| Last election: | November 8, 2022 |
| Next election: | November 5, 2024 |
| Redistricting: | Commission |
Meeting place: | |
The Missouri General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Missouri. The bicameral General Assembly is composed of the 34-member Missouri State Senate and the 163-member Missouri House of Representatives. Members of both houses of the General Assembly are subject to term limits. Senators are limited to two terms and representatives are limited to four.
According to the Missouri Constitution, "The general assembly shall meet on the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January following each general election. The general assembly may provide by law for the introduction of bills during the period between the first day of December and the first Wednesday after the first Monday of January. The general assembly shall reconvene on the first Wednesday after the first Monday of January after adjournment at midnight on May thirtieth of the preceding year."[1]
As a part-time legislature, most senators and representatives hold jobs in addition to their legislative roles.[2]
The General Assembly meets at the State Capitol in Jefferson City.
Missouri has a Republican trifecta. The Republican Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature.
Elections
2024
Elections for the Missouri State Senate will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. A primary is August 6, 2024. The filing deadline is March 26, 2024.
Elections for the Missouri House of Representatives will take place in 2024. The general election is on November 5, 2024. A primary is August 6, 2024. The filing deadline is March 26, 2024.
2022
Elections for the Missouri State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for August 2, 2022. The filing deadline was March 29, 2022.
Elections for the Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for August 2, 2022. The filing deadline was March 29, 2022.
2020
Elections for the office of Missouri State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for August 4, 2020. The filing deadline was March 31, 2020.
In the 2020 elections, Republicans maintained their majority in the Missouri State Senate. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for August 4, 2020. The filing deadline was March 31, 2020.
2018
Elections for the Missouri State Senate took place in 2018. The open primary election took place on August 7, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was March 27, 2018.[3]
Elections for the Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2018. The open primary election took place on August 7, 2018, and the general election was held on November 6, 2018. The candidate filing deadline was March 27, 2018.[4]
2016
Elections for the Missouri State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election was held on August 2, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 29, 2016.
Elections for the Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2016. The primary election was held on August 2, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was March 29, 2016.
2014
Elections for the Missouri State Senate took place in 2014. A primary election was held on August 5, 2014, followed by a general election on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was March 25, 2014.
Elections for the Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2014. A primary election was held on August 5, 2014, and a general election on November 4, 2014. The signature filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was March 25, 2014.
2012
Elections for the office of Missouri State Senate took place in 2012. The primary election was held on August 7, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was March 27, 2012.
Elections for the office of Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2012. The primary election was held on August 7, 2012, and the general election was held on November 6, 2012. The candidate filing deadline was March 27, 2012.
2010
Elections for the office of Missouri State Senate took place in 2010. The primary election was held on August 3, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 30, 2010.
Elections for the office of Missouri House of Representatives took place in 2010. The primary election was held on August 3, 2010, and the general election was held on November 2, 2010. The candidate filing deadline was March 30, 2010.
Sessions
Article III of the Missouri Constitution establishes when the General Assembly is to meet. Section 20 of Article III states that the General Assembly shall convene its regular session on the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January of each year.[1] Section 20(a) requires the General Assembly to adjourn its regular session by May 30th.[5]
Section 20(b) of Article III also allows for a special session of the General Assembly to be convened by a joint proclamation of three-fourths of the members of both houses.[6]
Pre-filed bills may be filed in the House as early as December 1 of the year prior to the session and in the Senate as early as July 1 of the year prior to the session. See Senate Rule 44 and House Rule 105 for details.
2024
- See also: 2024 Missouri legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions
In 2024, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 3, 2024, and adjourn on May 10, 2024.
2023
In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 4, 2023, and adjourn on May 12, 2023.
| Click [show] for past years' session dates. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
2022In 2022, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 5, 2022, and adjourn on May 13, 2022. 2021In 2021, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 6, 2021, and adjourn on May 14, 2021. 2020In 2020, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 8, 2020, and adjourn on May 15, 2020.
Several state legislatures had their sessions impacted as a result of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic. The Missouri State Legislature suspended Senate activity effective March 12, 2020. Both chambers reconvened April 7, 2020, through April 8, 2020, before suspending activity again. The legislature adjourned on May 15, 2020.[7][8][9][10][11] 2019In 2019, the legislature was in session from January 9, 2019, through May 30, 2019. 2018In 2018, the legislature was in session from January 3, 2018, through May 18, 2018. To read about notable events and legislation from this session, click here. 2017
In 2017, the legislature was in session from January 4, 2017, through May 12, 2017. The legislature held its first special session from May 22, 2017 to May 26, 2017. The legislature held its second special session from June 12, 2017, to July 25, 2017. The legislature held a special session on September 13. 2016
In 2016, the legislature was in session from January 6 through May 13.
Major issues in 2016Major issues in the 2016 legislative session included ethics reform, gun control, and the budget.[15] 2015
In 2015, the legislature was in session from January 7 through May 15. Major issues in 2015Major issues in the 2015 legislative session included Ferguson, ethics legislation, K-12 student transfers, and teacher tenure.[16][17] 2014
In 2014, the legislature was in session from January 8 through May 19. Major issues in 2014Major issues in the 2014 legislative session included Medicaid expansion, tax cuts and reform, student transfers, and right-to-work.[18][19][20] 2013
In 2013, the legislature was in session from January 9 to May 30. Major issues in 2013Major issues during the 2013 legislative session included tax credits, capital improvements, an income tax cut, and a major revision to the state's criminal code.[21] 2012
In 2012, the legislature was in session from January 4 through May 30.[22][23] Major issues in 2012The budget was the main focus of the session, as the state faced a $500 million spending gap in January. The agenda at the start of the session also included economic development, Workers Compensation reforms, and overhauling public school funding.[24] Those items joined health care exchanges, birth control, charter schools, and sentencing guidelines for crack cocaine crimes as points of contention and accomplishment over the course of the session.[25] 2011In 2011, the legislature was in regular session from January 5 through May 30.[26] Governor Jay Nixon (D) called for a special legislative session for September 6, however, the session was called off when Republicans hesitated on a push to overhaul state tax credits and authorize several new incentive programs, including one for a China freight hub in St. Louis. Assembly members were sent home so that they might read the revised 219-page measure over the weekend. According to Senate President Pro Tem Robert Mayer, the "important" bill "needs the attention of every member of this body."[27] Session highlightsBudget cutsLawmakers passed a $23.3 billion budget for the 2012 fiscal year in May 2011, representing a $500 million spending cut compared with the previous year. Governor Jay Nixon (D) cut an additional $172 million through withholds and $30,000 using his line-item veto before signing off on the budget plan. Withholds are an exercise of the governor's veto authority, but can be restored to the budget if revenues become available. Education and culture were the big losers in the budget plan, with state universities and community colleges absorbing an average 7 percent cut in state support, and funding completely cut for state arts, public TV and radio programs. The legislature itself saw its budget cut by 4.6 percent, while spending on the Missouri Housing Development Corporation housing assistance program was halved. Still, some programs did see substantial funding increases, including school bus transportation (21 percent), two state higher education scholarships (7 percent), and aid to service providers catering to people with developmental disabilities (2 percent). A new pharmacy partnership between Missouri State University and UMKC was also instituted, receiving $2 million in funding.[28] 2010In 2010, the legislature was in session from January 6th to May 14th.[29][30] |
Role in state budget
- See also: Missouri state budget and finances
Missouri on 
|
The state operates on an annual budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[31]
- Budget instructions are sent to state agencies in July of the year preceding the start of the new fiscal year.
- State agencies submit their budget requests to the governor by October 1.
- Agency hearings are held from January through April. Public hearings are held in January and February.
- The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature no later than 30 days after the legislature convenes.
- The legislature is required to adopt a budget by the first Friday after the first Monday in May. A simple majority is required to pass a budget. The fiscal year begins July 1.
Missouri is one of 43 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[31]
The governor is legally required to submit a balanced budget. The legislature is not required to pass a balanced budget, but the governor is required to sign one.[31]
Legislators
Salaries
- See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
| State legislative salaries, 2023 | |
|---|---|
| Salary | Per diem |
| $37,711/year | $125.60/day |
When sworn in
Missouri legislators assume office the first day of the legislative session.
Senate
The Missouri State Senate is the upper chamber of the Missouri General Assembly. It has 34 members.
As of the 2020 Census, Missouri state senators represented an average of 181,185 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 176,808 residents.
Its members serve four-year terms, with half the seats being up for election every two years.
| Party | As of January 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 10 | |
| Republican Party | 24 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 0 | |
| Total | 34 | |
Click here for a list of members of this chamber.
Republicans won control of the Missouri State Senate in 2002. In 2022, they won a 24-10 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Missouri Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Missouri State Senate election results: 1992-2022
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 20[32] | 19 | 19 | 18 | 17* | 14 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Republicans | 13 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 23 | 21 | 23 | 26 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Other | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
*Since no party had majority control, leadership of the chamber was split between the two parties.
House of Representatives
The Missouri House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the Missouri General Assembly. It has 163 members.
As of the 2020 Census, Missouri state representatives represented an average of 37,793 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 36,880 residents.
| Party | As of January 2024 | |
|---|---|---|
| Democratic Party | 51 | |
| Republican Party | 111 | |
| Other | 0 | |
| Vacancies | 1 | |
| Total | 163 | |
Click here for a list of members of this chamber.
Republicans won control of the Missouri House of Representatives in 2002. In 2022, they won a 111-52 majority.
The table below shows the partisan history of the Missouri House following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.
Missouri House of Representatives election results: 1992-2022
| Year | '92 | '94 | '96 | '98 | '00 | '02 | '04 | '06 | '08 | '10 | '12 | '14 | '16 | '18 | '20 | '22 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democrats | 100 | 87 | 88 | 86 | 87 | 73 | 66 | 71 | 74 | 57 | 53 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 49 | 52 |
| Republicans | 62 | 76 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 90 | 97 | 92 | 89 | 106 | 110 | 117 | 117 | 116 | 114 | 111 |
| Other | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
District maps
State Senate
State House
Veto overrides
- See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures
State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Missouri are listed below.
How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members in both chambers.
| Two-thirds of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 109 of the 163 members in the Missouri House of Representatives and 23 of the 34 members in the Missouri State Senate. Missouri is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. |
How can vetoes be overridden after the legislature has adjourned?
| According to Article III, Section 32 of the Missouri Constitution, the legislature shall automatically convene in a special veto session in September to consider overrides for any bill the governor vetoed less than six days before adjournment or after adjournment. |
Authority: Article III, Section 32 of the Missouri Constitution.
| "Every bill presented to the governor and returned with his objections shall stand as reconsidered in the house to which it is returned. If the governor returns any bill with his objections on or after the fifth day before the last day upon which a session of the general assembly may consider bills, the general assembly shall automatically reconvene on the first Wednesday following the second Monday in September for a period not to exceed ten calendar days for the sole purpose of considering bills returned by the governor. The objections of the governor shall be entered upon the journal and the house shall proceed to consider the question pending, which shall be in this form: “Shall the bill pass, the objections of the governor thereto notwithstanding? The vote upon this question shall be taken by yeas and nays and if two-thirds of the elected members of the house vote in the affirmative the presiding officer of that house shall certify that fact on the roll, attesting the same by his signature, and send the bill with the objections of the governor to the other house, in which like proceedings shall be had in relation thereto. The bill thus certified shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state as an authentic act and shall become a law." |
History
Partisan balance 1992-2013
Missouri State Senate: From 1992-2013, the Democratic Party was the majority in the Missouri State Senate for the first 9 years while the Republicans were the majority for the last 13 years.
Across the country, there were 541 Democratic and 517 Republican state senates from 1992 to 2013.
Missouri State House of Representatives: From 1992-2013, the Democratic Party was the majority in the Missouri State House of Representatives for the first 11 years while the Republicans were the majority for the last 11 years.
Across the country, there were 577 Democratic and 483 Republican State Houses of Representatives from 1992 to 2013.
Over the course of the 22-year study, state governments became increasingly more partisan. At the outset of the study period (1992), 18 of the 49 states with partisan legislatures had single-party trifectas and 31 states had divided governments. In 2013, only 13 states had divided governments, while single-party trifectas held sway in 36 states, the most in the 22 years studied.
The chart below shows the partisan composition of the Office of the Governor of Missouri, the Missouri State Senate and the Missouri House of Representatives from 1992 to 2013.
.PNG)
SQLI and partisanship
- To read the full report on the State Quality of Life Index (SQLI) in PDF form, click here.
Missouri was one of eight states to demonstrate a dramatic partisan shift in the 22 years studied. A dramatic shift was defined by a movement of 40 percent or more toward one party over the course of the study period.
The chart below depicts the partisanship of the Missouri state government and the state's SQLI ranking for the years studied. For the SQLI, the states were ranked from 1-50, with 1 being the best and 50 the worst. Missouri had Democratic trifectas from 1993-2000 and Republican trifectas from 2005-2008. Of the 22 years studied, Missouri never finished in the top-10 or bottom-10. It received its highest ranking of 13th overall in 2000, the most recent year of a Democratic trifecta. Its lowest ranking of 23rd overall occurred in 1993 and 2008, both years of which had government trifectas. In 1993 it was a Democratic trifecta, and in 2008 it was a Republican trifecta.
- SQLI average with Democratic trifecta: 18.75
- SQLI average with Republican trifecta: 20.00
- SQLI average with divided government: 18.33
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in Missouri
In Missouri, congressional district boundaries are drawn by the state legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[33]
Two distinct politician commissions are ultimately responsible for state legislative redistricting, one for the Missouri State Senate and another for the Missouri House of Representatives. Membership on these commissions is determined as follows:[33]
- Senate redistricting commission: The state committee of each major political party nominates 10 members to the commission, for a total of 20 nominees. From this pool, the governor selects five members per party, for a total of 10 commissioners.
- House redistricting commission: The congressional district committee of each major political party nominates two members per congressional district, for a total of 32 nominees. From this pool, the governor appoints one member per party per district, for a total of 16 commissioners.
2020
Missouri completed its legislative redistricting on March 15, 2022, when the state’s Judicial Redistricting Commission filed new state Senate district boundaries with the secretary of state.[34] Missouri was the 43rd state to complete legislative redistricting. The House Independent Bipartisan Citizens Commission unanimously approved the state House’s district boundaries on Jan. 21.[35] These maps took effect for Missouri’s 2022 legislative elections.
The Senate Independent Bipartisan Citizens Commission failed to submit proposed maps to the secretary of state's office by the December 23, 2021, deadline. Therefore, responsibility for developing Senate district boundaries was assumed by the Missouri Judicial Commission for Redistricting.[36] The judicial commission released their final plan and sent it to the secretary of state's office on March 15, 2022. The commission’s chair, Missouri Appeals Court Justice Cynthia Lynette Martin, said in a press release, "The Judicial Redistricting Commission’s work has been thorough and labor intensive, and was purposefully undertaken with the goal to file a constitutionally compliant plan and map well in advance of the commission’s constitutional deadline to avoid disenfranchising voters given the candidate filing deadline and the deadline for preparing ballots."[37] Scott Faughn of The Missouri Times wrote that "The biggest difference in this map and that previous map is that it shifts the weight of some of the districts from rural weighted districts to evenly split districts and even enhances the suburban influence inside several republican seats." He added, "the new map produces 7 solid democratic districts, and 3 likely democratic districts. On the republican side the new map produces 18 solid republican districts, and 3 more likely republican districts," with two competitive districts when the current incumbents no longer seek office.[38]
The House Independent Bipartisan Citizens Commission unanimously approved new state House district boundaries on January 19, 2022. Fourteen of the commission's 20 members were required to approve the plan. If the commission was unable to agree on a redistricting plan by January 23, 2022, authority over the process would have transferred to the Missouri Judicial Commission for Redistricting.[39] In a press release issued after the map was finalized, commission chair Jerry Hunter said, "I want to personally thank all of the commissioners for the hard work that was put in by the commissioners and, obviously, as all of you know, the supporting individuals that have been instrumental to helping get this map done on both sides – on both the Democratic and Republican sides."[40] Rudi Keller of the Missouri Independent wrote, "Of the 163 districts..., there are 38 where Democrats should have the advantage, 97 where Republicans are dominant and 28 districts with past election results showing less than a 10% advantage for either party."[39]
2010
Missouri received its local census data on February 24, 2011. The state's population increased by seven percent, with most growth coming in the southern half of the state. The five most populous cities showed mixed outcomes: Kansas City grew by 4.1 percent since the 2000 Census. St. Louis decreased by 8.3 percent, Springfield grew by 5.2 percent, Independence grew by 3.1 percent, and Columbia grew by 28.4 percent.[41]
Since 1970, Missouri has had the courts involved in finishing redistricting; despite the commissions' intent, 2011 did not end that streak. Both commissions came to an impasse in mid-August 2011, and the special court panel took over. On November 30, the panel finalized a new plan.
While the House plan -- which put 34 Republicans and 23 Democrats into incumbent races -- stood, the Missouri Supreme Court rejected the Senate plan. On January 31, 2012, Governor Jay Nixon appointed a new commission for the sake of redrawing the Senate districts. The commission approved a new plan on February 23; the plan -- which weakened Republican districts around St. Louis -- was met with hostility, then a lawsuit. After hearing testimony and tweaking the map, the commission approved the map again on March 12, and the lawsuit was dropped.
Joint legislative committees
There are 12 joint legislative committees in the Missouri Legislature.
- Administrative Rules
- Capital Security
- Child Abuse and Neglect
- Education
- Government Accountability
- the Justice System
- Legislative Research
- Life Sciences
- Public Assistance
- Public Employee Retirement
- Tax Policy
- Transportation Oversight
Special Committees
Special committees are a recent addition to the Missouri House. In 2007, Speaker of the House Rod Jetton disbanded several Standing Committees, which had previously been the norm in the Missouri House, and instead established the Special Committees. The subject matter of these committees is more specialized than the Standing Committees, so most of these committees have been assigned less bills on average than the Standing Committees.
Another distinction between Special and Standing Committees is that the Minority Party selects which members of its caucus will sit on Standing Committees. The membership of Special Committees, however, is decided exclusively by the Speaker of the House. The partisan breakdown of both Standing and Special Committees, however, is established by standing House Rule and is intended to closely reflect the partisan breakdown of the entire Missouri House.
Constitutional amendments
In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.
The methods in which the Missouri Constitution can be amended:
The Missouri Constitution can be amended via three different paths—a citizen-initiated process, a legislative process, and a state constitutional convention.
Initiative
- See also: Initiated constitutional amendment
An initiated constitutional amendment is a citizen-initiated ballot measure that amends a state's constitution. There are 18 states that allow citizens to initiate constitutional amendments.
In Missouri, the number of signatures required for an initiated constitutional amendment is based on the number of votes cast for governor in the state's most recent gubernatorial election. In two-thirds of Missouri's congressional districts, proponents must collect signatures equal to 8% of the gubernatorial vote for initiated constitutional amendments. A simple majority vote is required for voter approval.
Legislature
A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the Missouri General Assembly to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 82 votes in the Missouri House of Representatives and 18 votes in the Missouri State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.
Convention
According to Section 3a of Article XII of the Missouri Constitution, a question about whether to hold a state constitutional convention is to automatically appear on the state's ballot every 20 years starting in 1942. Missouri is one of 14 states that provides for an automatic constitutional convention question.
The table below shows the last and next constitutional convention question election years:
| State | Interval | Last question on the ballot | Next question on the ballot |
|---|---|---|---|
| Missouri | 20 years | 2022 | 2042 |
2025 measures:
- See also: 2025 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures have been certified for the ballot.
No measures to list
Potential:
- The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2025.
No measures to list
2024 measures:
Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature or that have made it approximately halfway through the process in the legislature for referral to the ballot in 2024.
- See also: Missouri 2024 ballot measures
Certified:
- The following measures have been certified for the ballot.
| Missouri Property Exemption Tax for Childcare Establishments Amendment | Democrats | Republicans | |||
| Senate: | Required: 18 | Yes votes: 33 (100%) | No votes: 0 (0%) | Yes: 9; No: 0 | Yes: 24; No: 0 |
| House: | Required: 82 | Yes votes: 91 (56.17%) | No votes: 27 (16.66%) | Yes: 21; No: 2 | Yes: 70; No: 25 |
Potential:
- The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2024.
No measures to list
See also
| Elections | Missouri State Government | State Legislatures | State Politics |
|---|---|---|---|
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External links
Footnotes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Revisor of Missouri, "Missouri Constitution," accessed June 5, 2012 (Referenced Article III, Section 20)
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Legislative Compensation Overview," February 4, 2021
- ↑ Missouri Secretary of State, "2018 Missouri Election Calendar," accessed July 13, 2017
- ↑ Missouri Secretary of State, "2018 Missouri Election Calendar," accessed July 13, 2017
- ↑ Revisor of Missouri, "Missouri Constitution," accessed February 4, 2021 (Referenced Article III, Section 20(a))
- ↑ Revisor of Missouri, "Missouri Constitution," accessed February 4, 2021 (Referenced Article III, Section 20(b))
- ↑ KY3, "Coronavirus concerns disrupt work at state capitols, including Missouri," March 12, 2020
- ↑ Missouri House of Representatives, "Home page," accessed March 30, 2020
- ↑ Missouri State Senate, "Home page," accessed March 30, 2020
- ↑ The Kansas City Star, "Despite coronavirus, Missouri lawmakers will reconvene. Anyone heard of videoconferences?" April 3, 2020
- ↑ Multistate, "2020 Legislative Session Dates," last updated April 15, 2020
- ↑ Kansas City, "Republicans override veto of Missouri voter ID bill," accessed September 16, 2016
- ↑ Kansas City, "Missouri Republicans vote to override veto of gun bill," accessed September 16, 2016
- ↑ U.S. News & World Report, "Missouri Lawmakers Work to Override Vetoes," accessed September 16, 2016
- ↑ KBIA, "The 2016 Missouri legislative session starts Wednesday. Here’s what you need to know." January 6, 2016
- ↑ KMBC-TV, "Things to know for 2015 Missouri legislative session," January 6, 2015
- ↑ St. Louis Public Radio, "Student Transfers Top List Of Pre-Filed Education Bills Facing Legislators," December 29, 2014
- ↑ KQTV, "Missouri State Legislature Begins 2014 Session," January 8, 2014
- ↑ KSMU, "Tax Cuts, Student Transfers May Dominate Missouri Legislature's 2014 Session," January 9, 2014
- ↑ KSMU, "Missouri's Legislative Session 2014 Preview," January 6, 2014
- ↑ St. Louis Post-Dispatch, "Business issues at top of Republican legislative leaders' agenda in Missouri," January 5, 2013
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislators, "2011 Legislator Session Calendar," accessed June 5, 2012
- ↑ The Associated Press, "Mo. Legislature officially ends its 2012 session," May 30 2012 (dead link)
- ↑ St. Louis Beacon, "Missouri legislature opens, with last session's issues at top of agenda," January 4, 2012
- ↑ St. Louis Public Radio, "2012 Missouri legislative session ends," May 19, 2012
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2011 Legislative Sessions Calendar," accessed June 6, 2014(Archived)
- ↑ STLtoday.com, Missouri Senate puts hold on economic development bill, Sept. 9, 2011
- ↑ The Missouri Budget Project, "FY 2012 Budget Approved with Additional Spending Reductions," June 24, 2011
- ↑ Missouri House of Representatives, "House Journals - 2010 Regular Session," accessed August 4, 2014
- ↑ Missouri State Senate, "Daily Journals," accessed August 4, 2014
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
- ↑ In 1992, one seat was held by a member from a minor party.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 All About Redistricting, "Missouri," accessed May 7, 2015
- ↑ Missouri Secretary of State, "Final Senate Statewide Judicial Redistricting Commission Letter; March 15, 2022," accessed March 22, 2022
- ↑ Missouri Secretary of State, "Final House Apportionment; January 20, 2022," accessed March 22, 2022
- ↑ 'Missouri Secretary of State, "Supreme Court Appointment for Judicial Commission for Redistricting," January 11, 2022
- ↑ Missouri Office of Administration, "Judicial Redistricting Commission Releases Tentative State Senate Redistricting Plan, Map," March 14, 2022
- ↑ The Missouri Times, "TWMP Column: New Senate map district by district," March 16, 2020
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Missouri Independent, "Bipartisan commission approves new Missouri House districts," January 20, 2022
- ↑ Missouri Office of Administration, "House Independent Bipartisan Citizens Commission Files Final Redistricting Plan with Secretary of State," January 24, 2022
- ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Missouri's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting," February 24, 2011
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