Minnesota State Senate

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Minnesota State Senate
SLP-Infobox Image-Color.png
General Information
Party control:   Democrat
Session start:   February 12, 2024
Session end:   May 20, 2024
Term length:   2-4-4 year system
Term limits:   None
Redistricting:  Legislature-dominant
Salary:   $51,750/year
+ per diem
Members
Total:  67
Democrats:  34
Republicans:  33
Other:  0 (independent)
Vacancies:  0
Leadership
President:   Bobby Joe Champion (D)
Maj. Leader:   Kari Dziedzic (D)
Min. Leader:   Mark Johnson (R)
Elections
Last election:  November 8, 2022
Next election:  November 3, 2026

The Minnesota State Senate is the upper chamber of the Minnesota State Legislature. Alongside the Minnesota House of Representatives, it forms the legislative branch of the Minnesota state government and works alongside the governor of Minnesota to create laws and establish a state budget. Legislative authority and responsibilities of the Minnesota State Senate include passing bills on public policy matters, setting levels for state spending, raising and lowering taxes, and voting to uphold or override gubernatorial vetoes.

The Minnesota State Senate meets in the state capitol building in Saint Paul, Minnesota.

  • All 67 seats in the Minnesota State Senate were up for election in 2022. The chamber's majority went from 34-33 in favor of Republicans to 34-33 favoring Democrats.
  • All 67 seats in the state Senate were up for election in 2020. The chamber's Republican majority decreased from 35-32 to 34-33. On November 18, 2020, two members announced that they were leaving the Democratic-Farmer-Labor caucus to form a new independent caucus. Click to read more »

  • Minnesota has a Democratic trifecta. The Democratic Party controls the office of governor and both chambers of the state legislature.

    • This page contains the following information on the Minnesota State Senate.

    Party control

    Current partisan control

    The table below shows the partisan breakdown of the Minnesota State Senate as of January 2024:

    Party As of January 2024
         Democratic Party 34
         Republican Party 33
         Independent 0
         Vacancies 0
    Total 67

    Members

    Leadership

    In the Minnesota Senate, members of the majority caucus elect a leader, who directs the business of the Senate and is considered the leader of the Senate. The minority caucus elects its own leaders. The Senate president is elected on the opening day of each biennial session.[1][2]

    Leadership and members


    Office Name Party Date assumed office
    Minnesota State Senate District 1 Mark Johnson Republican 2017
    Minnesota State Senate District 2 Steve Green Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 3 Grant Hauschild Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 4 Rob Kupec Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 5 Paul Utke Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 6 Justin Eichorn Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 7 Robert Farnsworth Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 8 Jen McEwen Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 9 Jordan Rasmusson Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 10 Nathan Wesenberg Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 11 Jason Rarick Republican February 13, 2019
    Minnesota State Senate District 12 Torrey Westrom Republican January 8, 2013
    Minnesota State Senate District 13 Jeff Howe Republican 2018
    Minnesota State Senate District 14 Aric Putnam Democratic January 5, 2021
    Minnesota State Senate District 15 Gary Dahms Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 16 Andrew Lang Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 17 Glenn Gruenhagen Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 18 Nick Frentz Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 19 John Jasinski Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 20 Steve Drazkowski Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 21 Bill Weber Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 22 Rich Draheim Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 23 Gene Dornink Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 24 Carla Nelson Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 25 Liz Boldon Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 26 Jeremy Miller Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 27 Andrew Mathews Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 28 Mark Koran Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 29 Bruce Anderson Republican January 8, 2013
    Minnesota State Senate District 30 Eric Lucero Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 31 Calvin Bahr Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 32 Michael Kreun Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 33 Karin Housley Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 34 John Hoffman Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 35 Jim Abeler Republican February 22, 2016
    Minnesota State Senate District 36 Heather Gustafson Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 37 Warren Limmer Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 38 Susan Pha Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 39 Mary Kunesh-Podein Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 40 John Marty Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 41 Judy Seeberger Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 42 Bonnie Westlin Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 43 Ann Rest Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 44 Tou Xiong Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 45 Kelly Morrison Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 46 Ron Latz Democratic January 8, 2013
    Minnesota State Senate District 47 Nicole Mitchell Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 48 Julia Coleman Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 49 Steve Cwodzinski Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 50 Alice Mann Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 51 Melissa Halvorson Wiklund Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 52 Jim Carlson Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 53 Matt Klein Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 54 Eric Pratt Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 55 Lindsey Port Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 56 Erin Maye Quade Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 57 Zach Duckworth Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 58 Bill Lieske Republican January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 59 Bobby Joe Champion Democratic January 8, 2013
    Minnesota State Senate District 60 Kari Dziedzic Democratic 2012
    Minnesota State Senate District 61 Scott Dibble Democratic 2013
    Minnesota State Senate District 62 Omar Fateh Democratic January 5, 2021
    Minnesota State Senate District 63 Zaynab Mohamed Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 64 Erin Murphy Democratic January 5, 2021
    Minnesota State Senate District 65 Sandra Pappas Democratic 1991
    Minnesota State Senate District 66 Clare Oumou Verbeten Democratic January 3, 2023
    Minnesota State Senate District 67 Foung Hawj Democratic January 8, 2013


    Salaries

    See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
    State legislative salaries, 2023
    SalaryPer diem
    $51,750/yearFor senators: $86/day. For representatives: $66/day.

    Swearing in dates

    See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

    Minnesota legislators assume office on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January after the election. When the first Monday in January falls on January 1, legislators assume office on the first Wednesday after the first Monday.[3][4]

    Membership qualifications

    See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

    To be eligible to run for the Minnesota State Senate, a candidate must:[5][6]

    • Be eligible to vote in Minnesota
    • Be 21 years of age or more upon assuming office
    • Be a resident of Minnesota for at least one year before the general election
    • Be a resident of the legislative district for at least six months before the general election
    • Have not filed for another office at the upcoming primary or general election
    • Participated in the party's most recent precinct caucuses, or intend to vote for a majority of the party's candidates at the next general election (if major party candidate)

    Historical party control

    Democrats won a 34-33 majority in the Minnesota State Senate in 2022, gaining control of the chamber for the first time since 2012.

    The table below shows the partisan history of the Minnesota Senate following every general election from 1992 to 2022. All data from 2006 or earlier comes from Michael Dubin's Party Affiliations in the State Legislatures (McFarland Press, 2007). Data after 2006 was compiled by Ballotpedia staff.

    Minnesota State Senate election results: 1992-2022

    Party 92 96 00 02 06 10 12 16 20 22
    Democrats 45 42 39 35 44 30 39 33 31 34
    Republicans 22 25 27 31 23 37 28 34 34 33
    Other 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0

    Trifecta history

    A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government. Between 1992 and 2023, Minnesota was under the following types of trifecta control:

    • Democratic trifecta: 2013-2014, 2023
    • Republican trifecta: None
    • Divided government: 1992-2012, 2015-2022

    Minnesota Party Control: 1992-2024
    Four years of Democratic trifectas  •  No Republican trifectas
    Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

    Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
    Governor R R R R R R R I I I I R R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
    Senate D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D R R D D D D R R R R R R D D
    House D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R D D D D R R D D R R R R D D D D D D

    Elections

    Elections by year

    Minnesota state senators serve 2-4-4 terms, where senators serve one two-year term and two four-year terms each decade. Minnesota holds elections for its legislature in even years.

    2022

    See also: Minnesota State Senate elections, 2022

    Elections for the Minnesota State Senate took place in 2022. The general election was on November 8, 2022. A primary was scheduled for August 9, 2022. The filing deadline was May 31, 2022.

    Heading into the election, Republicans held a 34-33 majority. Democrats gained two net seats in the election.

    Minnesota State Senate
    Party As of November 8, 2020 After November 9, 2020
         Democratic Party 33 34
         Republican Party 34 33
    Total 67 67

    2020

    See also: Minnesota State Senate elections, 2020

    Elections for the office of Minnesota State Senate took place in 2020. The general election was held on November 3, 2020. A primary was scheduled for August 11, 2020. The filing deadline was June 2, 2020.

    Heading into the election, Republicans held a 35-32 majority. Democrats gained one seat in the election.

    Minnesota State Senate
    Party As of November 3, 2020 After November 4, 2020
         Democratic Party 32 33
         Republican Party 35 34
    Total 67 67

    2016

    See also: Minnesota State Senate elections, 2016

    Elections for the Minnesota State Senate took place in 2016. The primary election took place on August 9, 2016, and the general election was held on November 8, 2016. The candidate filing deadline was May 31, 2016.

    Heading into the election, Democrats held a 38-28 majority with one vacancy. Democrats lost five seats in the election, giving Republicans a 34-33 majority.

    Minnesota State Senate
    Party As of November 7, 2016 After November 8, 2016
         Democratic Party 38 33
         Republican Party 28 34
         Vacancy 1 0
    Total 67 67

    Vacancies

    See also: How vacancies are filled in state legislatures

    Vacancies in the Minnesota State Legislature are filled through election. If there are more than 150 days before the next state general election, and the legislature will not be in session before the results are canvassed, then any vacancy is filled at the next state general election.[11][12]

    If the vacancy happens during the legislative session, the governor has five days to issue a writ calling for a special election. The election must take place no more than 35 days after the issuance of the writ. If the legislature is out of session and there are fewer than 150 days before the next state general election, the governor must call for a special election so the winner of the election can take office when the legislature reconvenes.[12][13]

    DocumentIcon.jpg See sources: Minnesota Cons. Art. 4, § 4 and Minnesota Stat. § 204D.19

    District map

    See also: Minnesota state legislative districts

    The state of Minnesota has 201 legislative districts. Each district elects one representative. The state Senate has 67 districts and the state House has 134 districts.

    Use the interactive map below to find your district.



    Redistricting

    See also: Redistricting in Minnesota

    In Minnesota, congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn by the Minnesota State Legislature. These lines are subject to veto by the governor.[14]

    The Minnesota Constitution requires "that state Senate districts be contiguous, and that Representative districts be nested within Senate districts." State statutes apply contiguity requirements to all congressional and state legislative districts. Furthermore, state statutes stipulate that political subdivisions should not be divided "more than necessary."[14]

    2020

    See also: Redistricting in Minnesota after the 2020 census

    Minnesota enacted new legislative district boundaries on February 15, 2022, when a special judicial redistricting panel issued an order adopting final maps. Minnesota Supreme Court Chief Justice Lorie Gildea established the five-judge special redistricting panel in June 2021 to hear legal challenges regarding redistricting and adopt maps should the legislature not agree on them. The panel consisted of two state court of appeals justices and three state district court judges. Republican governors originally appointed two of the five justices, Democratic governors originally appointed two, and former Gov. Jesse Ventura (Reform) originally appointed one justice.

    District map after 2020 redistricting

    This map took effect for Minnesota’s 2022 congressional elections.

    Minnesota legislative map Feb 15 2022.jpg

    2010

    See also: Redistricting in Minnesota after the 2010 census

    Minnesota received its local census data on March 16, 2011. The state's population increased 7.8 percent, despite four of the five most populated cities showing slight decreases in population; only Rochester (pop. 106,769, up 24.4 percent) showed growth.[15]

    At the time of redistricting, Republicans controlled the Legislature, and Democrats the governorship. Governor Mark Dayton (D) vetoed the legislative plan on May 19, 2011. In June 2011, a panel created by the Minnesota Supreme Court took over the process before the Legislature's February 2012 deadline. On February 21, 2012, the panel released a final map, pairing 16 incumbents in the Senate.

    Sessions

    Legislation

    The legislation tracker below displays all legislation that the Minnesota State Senate has approved in its most recent legislative session—this includes legislation that has been sent from the Senate to the House and legislation that has already been approved by the House and signed by the governor after its passage in the Senate. The table below includes the bill number, its name, progress, most recent action date, and sponsor. Scroll up and down and side to side to see more. Click the bill number to read the bill text and see its voting history. Click the headings to sort the content. Rearrange the order of the headings by clicking and dragging them. Click the magnifying glass in the bottom left corner to search for specific terms. The legislation tracker is maintained and updated by BillTrack50.

    Dates of legislative sessions in Minnesota by year

    2024

    See also: 2024 Minnesota legislative session and Dates of 2024 state legislative sessions

    In 2024, the legislature is scheduled to convene on February 12, 2024, and adjourn on May 20, 2024.

    2023

    See also: 2023 Minnesota legislative session and Dates of 2023 state legislative sessions

    In 2023, the legislature was scheduled to convene on January 3, 2023, and adjourn on May 22, 2023.



    About legislative sessions in Minnesota

    The Tenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution declares that any power not already given to the federal government is reserved to the states and the people.[33] State governments across the country use this authority to hold legislative sessions where a state's elected representatives meet for a period of time to draft and vote on legislation and set state policies on issues such as taxation, education, and government spending. The different types of legislation passed by a legislature may include resolutions, legislatively referred constitutional amendments, and bills that become law.

    Article IV of the Minnesota Constitution establishes when the Minnesota State Legislature, of which the Senate is a part, is to be in session. Section 12 of Article IV states that the Legislature is not to meet in regular session for more than 120 legislative days in each two-year period between legislative elections. Section 12 also does not allow the Legislature to meet in regular session after the first Monday following the third Saturday in May of any year. Within these limits, Section 12 allows the Legislature to decide its meeting dates by law.[34]

    As such, MN Statute 3.011 establishes that on odd-numbered years the legislature must convene on the first Monday in January, unless that lands on January 1, in which case the legislature must convene by the first Wednesday after the first Monday. The legislature is required to set its own date for even-numbered years.

    Section 12 of Article IV states that the Governor of Minnesota can call special sessions of the Legislature on extraordinary occasions.[34]

    Legislative roles and procedures

    Every state legislature throughout the country features its own internal procedures that it uses to govern itself and how it interacts with other parts of state government. Ballotpedia's coverage of internal state legislative procedures includes veto overrides, the role of the legislature in the state budget, procedures for filling membership vacancies, and redistricting.

    Veto overrides

    Veto Override Graphic-No party.png

    See also: Veto overrides in state legislatures

    State legislatures can override governors' vetoes. Depending on the state, this can be done during the regular legislative session, in a special session following the adjournment of the regular session, or during the next legislative session. The rules for legislative overrides of gubernatorial vetoes in Minnesota are listed below.

    How many legislators are required to vote for an override? Two-thirds of members in both chambers.

    Two-thirds of members in both chambers must vote to override a veto, which is 90 of the 134 members in the Minnesota House of Representatives and 45 of the 67 members in the Minnesota State Senate. Minnesota is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto.

    Authority: Article IV, Section 23 of the Minnesota Constitution.

    "Every bill passed in conformity to the rules of each house and the joint rules of the two houses shall be presented to the governor. If he approves a bill, he shall sign it, deposit it in the office of the secretary of state and notify the house in which it originated of that fact. If he vetoes a bill, he shall return it with his objections to the house in which it originated. His objections shall be entered in the journal. If, after reconsideration, two-thirds of that house agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the governor's objections, to the other house, which shall likewise reconsider it. If approved by two-thirds of that house it becomes a law and shall be deposited in the office of the secretary of state."

    Role in state budget

    See also: Minnesota state budget and finances
    Minnesota on Public Policy Logo-one line-on Ballotpedia.png
    Check out Ballotpedia articles about policy in your state on:
    Budgets • Civil liberties • Education • Elections • Energy • Environment • Healthcare • Pensions

    The state operates on a biennial budget cycle. The sequence of key events in the budget process is as follows:[35]

    1. Budget instructions are sent to state agencies between May and June of the year preceding the start of the new biennium.
    2. State agencies submit their budget requests to the governor by October 15.
    3. The governor submits his or her proposed budget to the state legislature on the fourth Tuesday in January. This deadline is extended to the third Tuesday in February for a newly elected governor.
    4. The legislature typically adopts a budget in May. A simple majority is required to pass a budget. The biennium begins on July 1 of even-numbered years.

    Minnesota is one of 43 states in which the governor has line item veto authority.[35]

    The governor is legally required to submit a balanced budget proposal. Likewise, the legislature is legally required to pass a balanced budget.[35]

    Committees

    See also: List of committees in Minnesota state government

    Every state legislature and state legislative chamber in the country contains several legislative committees. These committees are responsible for studying, amending, and voting on legislation before it reaches the floor of a chamber for a full vote. The different types of committees include standing committees, select or special, and joint.

    • Standing committees are generally permanent committees, the names of which sometimes change from session to session.
    • Select or special committees are temporary committees formed to deal with specific issues such as recent legislation, major public policy or proposals, or investigations.
    • Joint committees are committees that feature members of both chambers of a legislature.

    Ballotpedia covers standing and joint committees. The Minnesota State Senate has 30 standing committees:


    Constitutional amendments

    In every state but Delaware, voter approval is required to enact a constitutional amendment. In each state, the legislature has a process for referring constitutional amendments before voters. In 18 states, initiated constitutional amendments can be put on the ballot through a signature petition drive. There are also many other types of statewide measures.

    The methods in which the Minnesota Constitution can be amended:

    See also: Article IX of the Minnesota Constitution and Laws governing ballot measures in Minnesota

    The Minnesota Constitution provides two mechanisms for amending the state's constitution— a legislative process and a state constitutional convention. Ratification of amendments proposed by a convention require a 60% supermajority of those voting on the amendment question, while an amendment proposed by the legislature requires a simple majority (50%+1) of those voting in the election.[36]

    Legislature

    See also: Legislatively referred constitutional amendment

    A simple majority vote is required during one legislative session for the Minnesota State Legislature to place a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounts to a minimum of 68 votes in the Minnesota House of Representatives and 34 votes in the Minnesota State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments do not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

    Ratifying an amendment requires a 'Yes' vote from a simple majority of all voters casting a ballot in the election, rather than a simple majority of those voting on the question.

    Convention

    See also: Convention-referred constitutional amendment

    According to Section 3 of Article IX of the Minnesota Constitution, a two-thirds (66.67%) vote in each chamber during one legislative session is required to send a constitutional convention question to voters. A simple majority vote by the electorate is required to call the convention. Any proposed amendments approved by the convention require a 60% vote of the electorate to be ratified.



    Historical context:

    See also: List of Minnesota ballot measures

    In Minnesota, a total of 10 ballot measures appeared on statewide ballots between 1996 and 2022. Eight ballot measures were approved, and tw ballot measures were defeated.

    Minnesota statewide ballot measures, 1996-2022
    Total number Annual average Annual minimum Annual maximum Approved Defeated
    # % # %
    10
    0.8
    0
    3
    8
    80.0
    2
    20.0

    2025 measures:

    See also: 2025 ballot measures

    Certified:

    The following measures have been certified for the ballot.

    No measures to list


    Potential:

    The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2025.

    No measures to list

    2024 measures:

    Below is a list of measures that were referred to the 2024 ballot by the legislature or that have made it approximately halfway through the process in the legislature for referral to the ballot in 2024.

    See also: Minnesota 2024 ballot measures

    Certified:

    The following measures have been certified for the ballot.
    Minnesota Continue to Provide Lottery Revenue to Environment and Natural Resources Fund AmendmentDemocratsRepublicans
    Senate:Required: 34Yes votes: 36 (53.73%)No votes: 29 (43.28%)Yes: 34; No: 0Yes: 2; No: 29
    House:Required: 68Yes votes: 89 (66.41%)No votes: 41 (30.60%)Yes: 69; No: 0Yes: 20; No: 41


    Potential:

    The following measures have made it through one chamber—or one session for two session states—and may appear on the ballot in 2024.
    Minnesota Equal Under the Law AmendmentDemocratsRepublicans
    Senate:Required: Yes votes: 43 (64.2%)No votes: 23 (34.3%)Yes: 34; No: 0Yes: 9; No: 23
    House:Required: Yes votes: (%)No votes: (%)Yes: ; No: Yes: ; No:

    See also

    Elections Minnesota State Government State Legislatures State Politics
    Ballotpedia Elections Badge-VOTE-no shadow-Square.jpg
    Minnesota State Flag-Close Up.jpg
    State Houses-Tile image.png
    State Courts-Tile image.png

    External links

    Footnotes

    1. ↑ Minnesota Legislature, "Frequently Asked Questions About the Minnesota Legislature," accessed February 15, 2021
    2. ↑ Minnesota Senate, "Senate Member Information," accessed February 15, 2021
    3. ↑ Minnesota.gov, "Minnesota Statute 3.05," accessed February 12, 2021
    4. ↑ Minnesota.gov, "Minnesota Statute 3.011," accessed November 1, 2021
    5. ↑ Minnesota Secretary of State, "Candidate Qualifications," accessed February 10, 2023
    6. ↑ Minnesota Secretary of State, "Register to vote," accessed June 27, 2023
    7. ↑ Follow the Money, "Minnesota 2010 - Candidates," accessed June 23, 2014
    8. ↑ Follow the Money, "Minnesota 2006 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
    9. ↑ Follow the Money, "Minnesota 2002 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
    10. ↑ Follow the Money, "Minnesota 2000 - Candidates," accessed August 23, 2013
    11. ↑ Minnesota Revisor of Statutes, "Constitution of the State of Minnesota," accessed February 12, 2021 (Article 4, Section 4)
    12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Minnesota Revisor of Statutes, "2020 Minnesota Statutes," accessed February 12, 2021 (Statute 204D.19 (1)-(3))
    13. ↑ Minnesota Revisor of Statutes, "2020 Minnesota Statutes," accessed February 12, 2021 (Statute 204B.13)
    14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 All About Redistricting, "Minnesota," accessed May 4, 2015
    15. ↑ U.S. Census Bureau, "U.S. Census Bureau Delivers Minnesota's 2010 Census Population Totals, Including First Look at Race and Hispanic Origin Data for Legislative Redistricting," March 16, 2011
    16. ↑ Redwood Falls Gazette, "Minnesota state legislature suspends its business until April 14," March 22, 2020
    17. ↑ Post Bulletin, "Minnesota Legislature to return Thursday to take up COVID-19 response," March 25, 2020
    18. ↑ CBS Minnesota, "Gov. Dayton Says He’s ‘Genuinely Undecided’ On All Budget Bills," May 26, 2017
    19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 StarTribune, "Dayton signs 10 budget bills and tax cuts, but defunds Legislature," May 31, 2017
    20. ↑ StarTribune, "Judge strikes down Gov. Mark Dayton's veto of Legislature's budget; Dayton plans appeal," July 19, 2017
    21. ↑ KSTP 5, "Dayton Says He Will Appeal Judge's Ruling his Veto was Unconstitutional," July 19, 2017
    22. ↑ CBS Minnesota, "Arguments In Supreme Court Case Between Legislature, Dayton Begin Monday," August 27, 2017
    23. ↑ Twin Cities, "Legislature restores its $130M budget, concluding legal battle with Dayton," February 22, 2018
    24. ↑ CBS Minnesota, "Gov. Dayton Signs Legislative Budget Into Law," February 26, 2018
    25. ↑ Daily Globe, "Lawmakers face long list of issues," January 4, 2015
    26. ↑ Twin Cities Daily Planet, "Previewing the 2014 Minnesota legislative session: Issues and contrasting agendas," February 24, 2014
    27. ↑ KXLT, "Minnesota Legislature now in session," February 25, 2014
    28. ↑ minnesota.publicradio.org, "Minnesota Legislature preview: 10 issues to watch," January 4, 2013
    29. ↑ Minnesota House of Representatives, "Property tax relief, new fourth tier rate highlight conferred tax bill," May 20, 2013
    30. ↑ Wall Street Journal, "States' Rift on Taxes Widens," May 23, 2013
    31. ↑ CNNMoney, "Minnesota shutdown: It's over," July 20, 2011
    32. ↑ Minneapolis Star-Tribune, "138 legislators are collecting paychecks during shutdown," July 10, 2011
    33. ↑ Find Law, "Tenth Amendment - U.S. Constitution," accessed February 15, 2021
    34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Minnesota Legislature, "Constitution of the State of Minnesota," accessed February 12, 2021
    35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 National Association of State Budget Officers, "Budget Processes in the States, Spring 2021," accessed January 24, 2023
    36. ↑ The Pink Ballot Statute, 204D.15
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