Election results, 2023

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	Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections; State legislative veto-proof majorities; State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes; State legislative margin of victory analysis; State legislative seats that changed party control; Minor-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory; Results of elected officials seeking other offices; Partisan balance of mayors of the 100 largest cities by population; Candidates with the same last names;
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This page is a hub for reporting the results of elections held in November 2023.

Media coverage of these elections generally focused on Democratic victories. ABC News' Tia Yang wrote on election night: "[M]ost of the headliners went to Democrats. In Virginia, they staved off the threat of a GOP trifecta by taking control of both chambers of the state legislature. In Ohio, both liberal ballot measures succeeded with near supermajorities. And in Pennsylvania, Democrats won a vacant seat to secure a 5-2 majority on the state Supreme Court."^[1]

Two states held gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial elections: Kentucky and Mississippi. Those two states also held elections for attorney general, secretary of state, and other state executive offices. Pennsylvania voters decided an election for a judgeship on its state supreme court.

Eight of the country's 99 state legislative chambers held elections in 2023. Elections in those eight chambers represented 578 of the country's 7,386 state legislative seats (7.8%).

Other elections across the country included 28 statewide ballot measures in five states, local ballot measures in 21 states, and municipal races.

Click the links below to navigate to:

Election results timeline - a timeline of election-related news beginning on November 7, 2023
Results summary - a summary of nationwide results
Links to further election analysis - links to more detailed analyses of 2023 elections
Battleground election results - battleground race results at the federal, state, and local level
Race ratings overview - overviews of race ratings for the U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and gubernatorial elections
State executive offices and chambers that changed parties - a listing of congressional and state executive offices and chambers that changed parties
Ballot measure election results - results for noteworthy statewide ballot measures
Elections by state - a clickable map with links to detailed state-by-state election coverage
How we decide when to call an election - Ballotpedia's race calling policy

Election results timeline

November 8

12:32 a.m.: Incumbent Tate Reeves (R) defeated Brandon Presley (D) to win re-election as governor of Mississippi.

November 7

11:17 p.m.: John Whitmire and Sheila Jackson Lee advanced to a runoff for mayor of Houston, Texas. A runoff election is scheduled for December 9, 2023.
11:02 p.m.: Democrats won partisan control of the Virginia House of Delegates. Projections in individual districts determined that Democrats would win at least 51 seats in the 100-member chamber.
10:55 p.m.: Daniel McCaffery (D) defeated Carolyn Carluccio (R) in the partisan election for one seat on the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on November 7, 2023. McCaffery succeeds Justice Max Baer (D), who died on September 30, 2022.^[2]
10:20 p.m.: Democrats retained partisan control of the Virginia State Senate. Projections in individual districts determined that Democrats would win at least 21 seats in the 40-member chamber.
10:15 p.m.: Lily Wu defeated incumbent Brandon Whipple in the election for mayor of Wichita, Kansas.
10:12 p.m.: Joshua Cole (D) defeated Lee Peters III (R) to win election in battleground Virginia House of Delegates District 65.
9:50 p.m.: Joe Hogsett (D) defeated Jefferson Shreve (R) to win re-election as mayor of Indianapolis, Indiana.
9:26 p.m.: Russell Coleman (R) won election as Kentucky attorney general.
9:15 p.m.: Mark Metcalf (R) defeated Michael Bowman (D) to win the Kentucky Treasurer election.
9:14 p.m.: Former Deputy Director of the White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs Gabe Amo (D) defeated Marine Veteran Gerry Leonard (R) to win the special election to fill the seat representing Rhode Island's 1st Congressional District in the U.S. House.
9:07 p.m.: Incumbent Andy Beshear (D) defeated Daniel Cameron (R) in the battleground election for governor of Kentucky.
9:05 p.m.: Incumbent David Suetterlein (R) defeated Trish White-Boyd (D) in Virginia Senate District 4, which Ballotpedia identified as a battleground district in that chamber.
8:58 p.m.: Russet Perry (D) defeated Juan Pablo Segura (R) to win the open-seat race in battleground Virginia Senate District 31.
8:21 p.m.: Schuyler VanValkenburg (D) defeated incumbent Siobhan Dunnavant (R) in Virginia Senate District 16, which Ballotpedia identified as a battleground district in that chamber.
8:15 p.m.: Incumbent Michael Adams won re-election as Kentucky secretary of state.
8:00 p.m.: Allison Ball (R) defeated Kimberley Reeder (D) to win the Kentucky Auditor election.

Results summary

Governors

See also: Election results, 2023: Governors

Incumbent Andy Beshear (D) defeated Daniel Cameron (R) to win re-election as governor of Kentucky. Beshear was first elected in 2019 when he defeated incumbent Gov. Matt Bevin (R) 49.2% to 48.8%. Beshear's win means the state will remain under divided government until at least 2024, when the next state legislative elections will be held. Democrats control the governorship, and Republicans control both legislative chambers.

Incumbent Tate Reeves (R) defeated Brandon Presley (D) to win re-election as governor of Mississippi. Reeves was first elected in 2019. His win means the state will remain a Republican trifecta as Republicans maintained partisan control of both chambers of the state legislature.

Jeff Landry (R) won election as governor of Louisiana on October 14, 2023.

Gubernatorial seats up in 2023
Party		As of the 2023 elections	After the 2023 elections
	Democratic Party	2	1
	Republican Party	1	2
Total		3	3

Congressional special election

See also: Rhode Island's 1st Congressional District special election, 2023

Former Deputy Director of the White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs Gabe Amo (D) defeated Marine Veteran Gerry Leonard (R) to win the special election to fill the seat representing Rhode Island's 1st Congressional District in the U.S. House.

Attorneys General

See also: Election results, 2023: Attorneys General

There were three attorney general offices on the ballot in 2023. These elections were in Kentucky, Louisiana, and Mississippi.
On November 7, Russell Coleman (R) won election as Kentucky attorney general and Lynn Fitch (R) won re-election as Mississippi attorney general. Liz Murrill (R) and Lindsey Cheek (D) advanced from the October 14, 2023, primary for Louisiana attorney general. The general election was November 18, 2023.

The following table displays the number of attorney general offices held by each party before and after the 2023 elections.

U.S. attorneys general partisan breakdown
Party		As of the 2023 elections	After the 2023 elections
	Democratic Party	23	23
	Republican Party	27	26
	Uncalled	0	1
Total		50	50

Secretaries of State

See also: Election results, 2023: Secretaries of State

In 2023, there were three secretary of state offices—all Republican—on the ballot. These elections were in Kentucky, Louisiana, and Mississippi.

On November 7, Michael Adams (R) won re-election as Kentucky secretary of state and Michael Watson (R) won re-election as Mississippi secretary of state. Nancy Landry (R) and Gwen Collins-Greenup (D) advanced from the October 14, 2023, primary for Louisiana secretary of state. Incumbent Kyle Ardoin (R) did not for re-election. The general election was November 18, 2023.

U.S. secretaries of state partisan breakdown
Party		As of the 2023 elections	After the 2023 elections
	Democratic Party	21	21
	Republican Party	26	25
	Uncalled	0	1
Total		47	47

State supreme courts

See also: Election results, 2023: State supreme courts

Two states—Wisconsin and Pennsylvania—held state supreme court elections in 2023. Daniel McCaffery (D) defeated Carolyn Carluccio (R) in the partisan election for one seat on the Pennsylvania Supreme Court on November 7, 2023. McCaffery succeeds Justice Max Baer (D), who died on September 30, 2022.^[3] McCaffery's victory means Democrats maintain a 5-2 majority on the court.

The seat on the Wisconsin Supreme Court held by Justice Patience Roggensack was on the ballot in April 2023. Democrats won Roggensack's seat, flipping the court from a Republican majority to a Democratic majority.

Heading into the 2023 elections, Democrats held majorities on 16 courts, Republicans held majorities on 28, and the remaining nine courts’ majorities were either split between parties or unclear. (Texas and Oklahoma both have two courts of last resort.)

State legislatures

See also: Election results, 2023: State legislatures and State legislative special elections, 2023#Special elections by date

Elections were held for seats in eight of the country's 99 state legislative chambers. Elections in those eight chambers represented 578 of the country's 7,386 state legislative seats (7.8%). This was the most seats up for election in an odd-numbered year since 2011. General elections in Louisiana took place on November 18, 2023.

Democrats gained control of one state legislative chamber on by winning partisan control of the Virginia House of Delegates. Democrats maintained control of the state Senate.
Republicans were guaranteed simple majorities in both Mississippi's House and Senate and Louisiana's House and Senate due to the number of districts where candidates from only one political party ran.
Democrats maintained partisan control of both chambers of the New Jersey state legislature.

As a result, nationally, Republicans will be the majority in 56 chambers, down from 57 before the election. Democrats will be the majority in 41, up from 40. (The Alaska House and Senate are organized under multipartisan, power-sharing coalitions.)

Heading into the election, Democrats controlled three of the chambers holding elections, while Republicans controlled five. Republicans were guaranteed simple majorities in both Mississippi's House and Senate and Louisiana's House and Senate.

Also, voters decided seven state legislative special elections in seven states.

State government trifectas

See also: Election results, 2023: State government trifectas

Elections on November 7 kept the number of state government trifectas at 40—23 Republican and 17 Democratic—which is the highest number since at least 1992. Louisiana will change from a divided government to a Republican trifecta after Jeff Landry (R) was elected governor on Oct. 14.

Kentucky will remain a divided government after Gov. Steve Beshear (D) was re-elected governor. Virginia will remain a divided government after Democrats maintained control of at least one chamber of the state legislature.

Mississippi and New Jersey will remain Republican and Democratic trifectas, respectively, after those parties maintained partisan control of the legislature in each state. . After the elections, 10 states will have divided governments where neither party holds trifecta control. Before the 2023 elections, there were 22 Republican trifectas, 17 Democratic trifectas, and 11 divided governments where neither party held trifecta control.

State ballot measures

See also: 2023 ballot measure election results

The results of notable ballot measures are displayed in the tables below. A full breakdown of statewide ballot measure election results can be found here.

Abortion

RCV

Ohio Issue 1, Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative

A "yes" vote supported amending the Ohio Constitution to:

provide a state constitutional right to "make and carry out one’s own reproductive decisions, including but not limited to" decisions about abortion, contraception, fertility treatment, miscarriage care, and continuing pregnancy, and
allow the state to restrict abortion after fetal viability, except when “necessary to protect the pregnant patient’s life or health.”

A "no" vote opposed amending the Ohio Constitution to provide a constitutional right to "make and carry out one’s own reproductive decisions."

Click here to read more.

Ohio Issue 1
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	2,227,384	56.78%
No	1,695,480	43.22%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Ohio Issue 2, Marijuana Legalization Initiative

A "yes" vote supported this ballot initiative to legalize marijuana in Ohio, including:

allowing the sale and purchase of marijuana, which a new Division of Cannabis Control would regulate;
allowing adults who are at least 21 years old to use and possess marijuana, including up to 2.5 ounces of marijuana; and
enacting a 10% tax on marijuana sales.

A "no" vote opposed this initiative to legalize marijuana in Ohio.

Click here to read more.

Ohio Issue 2
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	2,226,399	57.19%
No	1,666,316	42.81%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Colorado Proposition HH, Property Tax Changes and Revenue Change Measure

A "yes" vote supported making various changes to state property taxes and revenue limits, including:

reducing property tax rates;
allowing the state to retain and spend revenues that it would otherwise be required to refund to residents under the Colorado Taxpayer's Bill of Rights (TABOR);
creating a new, increased cap on state revenue, allowing the state to retain and spend additional revenue each year up to the Proposition HH Cap;
allocating revenue to local governments to make up for decreased property tax revenues; and
creating a limit on local government property tax revenue.

A "no" vote opposed making changes to property taxes and state revenue limits.

Click here to read more.

Colorado Proposition HH
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	682,667	40.69%
No	995,259	59.31%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Texas Proposition 3, Prohibit Taxes on Wealth or Net Worth Amendment

A "yes" vote supported amending the Texas Constitution to prohibit the Legislature from enacting a wealth or net worth tax in the future.

A "no" vote opposed amending the Texas Constitution to prohibit the Legislature from enacting a wealth or net worth tax in the future.

Click here to read more.

Texas Proposition 3
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	1,712,458	67.89%
No	809,815	32.11%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Maine Question 2, Prohibit Foreign Spending in Elections Initiative

A "yes" vote supported prohibiting foreign governments, or entities with at least 5% foreign government ownership or control, from spending money to influence ballot measures or candidate elections.

A "no" vote opposed prohibiting foreign governments, or entities with at least 5% foreign government ownership or control, from spending money to influence ballot measures or candidate elections.

Click here to read more.

Maine Question 2
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	348,781	86.33%
No	55,226	13.67%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Maine Question 1, Voter Approval of Borrowing Above $1 Billion by State Entities and Electric Cooperatives Initiative

A "yes" vote supported requiring voter approval for certain state entities, municipal electric districts, electrification cooperatives, or consumer-owned transmission utilities to incur a total outstanding debt that exceeds $1 billion.

A "no" vote opposed requiring voter approval for certain state entities, municipal electric districts, electrification cooperatives, or consumer-owned transmission utilities to incur a total outstanding debt that exceeds $1 billion.

Click here to read more.

Maine Question 1
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	260,670	65.47%
No	137,478	34.53%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Maine Question 3, Pine Tree Power Company Initiative

A "yes" vote supported creating the Pine Tree Power Company, an electric transmission and distribution utility governed by an elected board, and would allow the company to purchase and acquire all investor-owned transmission and distribution utilities in Maine.

A "no" vote opposed creating the Pine Tree Power Company.

Click here to read more.

Maine Question 3
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	122,961	30.26%
No	283,401	69.74%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Maine Question 4, "Right to Repair Law" Vehicle Data Access Requirement Initiative

A "yes" vote supported requiring motor vehicle manufacturers to standardize on-board vehicle diagnostics and make access to vehicle systems available to owners and third-party independent shops for repairs.

A "no" vote opposed requiring motor vehicle manufacturers to standardize on-board vehicle diagnostics and make access to vehicle systems available to owners and third-party independent shops for repairs.

Click here to read more.

Maine Question 4
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	341,574	84.38%
No	63,208	15.62%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Texas Proposition 1, Right to Farming, Ranching, Timber Production, Horticulture, and Wildlife Management Amendment

A "yes" vote supported establishing a right to farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife management in the Texas Constitution.

A "no" vote opposed establishing a right to farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife management in the Texas Constitution.

Click here to read more.

Texas Proposition 1
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	2,025,803	79.03%
No	537,666	20.97%

Results are officially certified.

Source

East Lansing, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative

A "yes" vote supported this charter amendment to:

adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for city council elections provided that the state certifies a process for allowing RCV and
give the city council the option to call a special election to fill a vacant city council seat, rather than making an appointment.

A "no" vote opposed this charter amendment to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for city council elections and allow a special election to fill a vacant city council.

Click here to read more.

East Lansing Ballot Question 3
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	2,811	52.48%
No	2,545	47.52%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Kalamazoo, Michigan, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative

A "yes" vote supported enacting ranked-choice voting for municipal elections in Kalamazoo if authorized by state law.

A "no" vote opposed enacting ranked-choice voting for municipal elections in Kalamazoo if Michigan state law is changed to allow local ranked-choice voting.

Click here to read more.

Kalamazoo Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	6,486	70.97%
No	2,653	29.03%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Royal Oak, Michigan, Proposal B, Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative

A "yes" vote supported this charter amendment to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for mayoral and city commission elections provided that the state certifies a process for allowing RCV.

A "no" vote opposed this charter amendment to adopt ranked-choice voting (RCV) for mayoral and city commission elections provided that the state certifies a process for allowing RCV.

Click here to read more.

Royal Oak Proposal B
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	7,930	50.53%
No	7,765	49.47%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Easthampton, Massachusetts, Question 1, Multi-Winner Ranked-Choice Voting Advisory Question

A "yes" vote supported advising the Easthampton City Council to petition the state Legislature to allow for multi-winner ranked-choice voting (RCV) for the city's elections.

A "no" vote opposed advising the Easthampton City Council to petition the state Legislature to allow for multi-winner ranked-choice voting (RCV) for the city's elections.

Click here to read more.

Easthampton Question 1
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	1,722	61.76%
No	1,066	38.24%

Results are officially certified.

Source

Minnetonka, Minnesota, Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative

A "yes" vote supported repealing ranked-choice voting for mayoral and city council elections and reinstating the plurality election system in which voters select one candidate and the candidate with the most votes wins.

A "no" vote opposed repealing ranked-choice voting for mayoral and city council elections.

Click here to read more.

Minnetonka Repeal of Ranked-Choice Voting Initiative
Result	Votes	Percentage
Yes	5,167	41.34%
No	7,332	58.66%

Precincts reporting: 100%
Election results are unofficial until certified. These results were last updated on November 8, 2023 at 2:00:37 PM Eastern Time.

Battleground school board elections

Ballotpedia provided in-depth coverage of 14 school board elections in November 2023. Click the links below to read about each of those elections. To read more election analysis across all school board elections in these states, click here.

Colorado:

Kansas:

Minnesota:

Ohio:

Pennsylvania:

Virginia:

Washington:

Election analysis

The section below provides links to our planned election analysis articles and estimated timeframes for when these articles will be published or updated.

By office
- State executive officials (Updated as results come in)
- Governors (Updated as results come in)
- State government trifectas (Updated as results come in)
- State government triplexes (Updated as results come in)
- State legislatures (Updated as results come in)
- Attorneys General (Updated as results come in)
- Secretaries of State (Updated as results come in)
- State financial officers (Updated as results come in)
- State supreme courts (Updated as results come in)
State legislatures
- Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections (Published week of November 20)
- State legislative veto-proof majorities (Published week of November 20)
- State legislative races decided by fewer than 100 votes (Published after release of certified election results)
- State legislative margin of victory analysis (Published after release of certified election results)
Other
- Third-party candidates who won more than the margin of victory (Published after release of certified election results)
- Results of elected officials seeking other offices (Published after release of certified election results)
- Endorsements in school board elections (Published on a state-by-state basis through mid-December)

Battleground election results

See also: Battlegrounds and Ballotpedia's Top 15 Elections to Watch, 2023

A breakdown of the noteworthy elections we are watching can be found below. Ballotpedia's editorial department selected these elections based on past election results, unique election-specific circumstances, and election race ratings.

KY Gov.

School Board Races

Kentucky gubernatorial and lieutenant gubernatorial election, 2023

General election

General election for Governor of Kentucky

Incumbent Andy Beshear defeated Daniel Cameron and Brian Fishback in the general election for Governor of Kentucky on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Andy Beshear (D)	52.5	694,167
	Daniel Cameron (R)	47.5	627,086
	Brian Fishback (Independent) (Write-in)	0.0	82

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 1,321,335
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Mississippi gubernatorial election, 2023

General election

General election for Governor of Mississippi

Incumbent Tate Reeves defeated Brandon Presley and Gwendolyn Gray (Unofficially withdrew) in the general election for Governor of Mississippi on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Tate Reeves (R)	50.9	418,233
	Brandon Presley (D)	47.7	391,614
	Gwendolyn Gray (Independent) (Unofficially withdrew)	1.4	11,153

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 821,000
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Pennsylvania Supreme Court elections, 2023

General election

General election for Pennsylvania Supreme Court

Daniel D. McCaffery defeated Carolyn Tornetta Carluccio in the general election for Pennsylvania Supreme Court on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Daniel D. McCaffery (D)	52.8	1,449,647
	Carolyn Tornetta Carluccio (R)	47.2	1,294,442

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 2,744,089
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Rhode Island's 1st Congressional District special election, 2023

General election

Special general election for U.S. House Rhode Island District 1

Gabe Amo defeated Gerry Leonard in the special general election for U.S. House Rhode Island District 1 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Gabe Amo (D)	64.8	42,807
	Gerry Leonard (R)	35.2	23,257

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 66,064
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Stephen Earle (Independent)
Julian J. Smith (Independent)
Richard O'Shea (Independent)
John Vitkevich (Independent)
Jeffrey Lemire (Independent)
Christopher Reynolds (Independent)
Joseph Jean-Philippe (Independent)
Paul Rianna Jr. (Independent)
John Ritchie (Independent)

Click here to read more.

Anoka-Hennepin School District, Minnesota, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 1

Linda Hoekman defeated incumbent Erin Heers-McArdle in the general election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 1 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Linda Hoekman (Nonpartisan)	55.8	2,490
	Erin Heers-McArdle (Nonpartisan)	44.2	1,971

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 4,461
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 2

Zach Arco defeated Susan Witt in the general election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 2 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Zach Arco (Nonpartisan)	50.1	2,201
	Susan Witt (Nonpartisan)	49.8	2,189
	Other/Write-in votes	0.0	2

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 4,392
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 5

Michelle Langenfeld defeated Scott Simmons and Cyrus Wilson in the general election for Anoka-Hennepin Board of Education District 5 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Michelle Langenfeld (Nonpartisan)	54.7	1,775
	Scott Simmons (Nonpartisan)	43.3	1,405
	Cyrus Wilson (Nonpartisan)	2.1	67

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 3,247
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Central Bucks School District, Pennsylvania, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 1

Incumbent Karen Smith defeated Stephen Mass in the general election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 1 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Karen Smith (D)	54.0	3,099
	Stephen Mass (R)	45.9	2,633
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	4

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 5,736
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 2

Heather Reynolds defeated incumbent Dana Hunter in the general election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 2 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Heather Reynolds (D)	52.8	2,670
	Dana Hunter (R)	47.1	2,381
	Other/Write-in votes	0.0	2

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 5,053
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 3

Dana Foley defeated Glenn Schloeffel in the general election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 3 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Dana Foley (D)	54.2	3,279
	Glenn Schloeffel (R)	45.7	2,767
	Other/Write-in votes	0.0	3

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 6,049
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 6

Rick Haring defeated Aarati P. Martino in the general election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 6 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Rick Haring (D)	58.5	3,138
	Aarati P. Martino (R)	41.3	2,217
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	7

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 5,362
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 8

Susan M. Gibson defeated Tony Arjona in the general election for Central Bucks Board of Directors Region 8 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Susan M. Gibson (D)	68.5	3,944
	Tony Arjona (R)	31.3	1,803
	Other/Write-in votes	0.1	7

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 5,754
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Douglas County School District, Colorado, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District A

Incumbent Susan Meek defeated Andy Jones in the general election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District A on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Susan Meek (Nonpartisan)	52.9	66,507
	Andy Jones (Nonpartisan)	47.1	59,308

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 125,815
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District C

Brad Geiger defeated incumbent Jason Page and David DiCarlo in the general election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District C on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Brad Geiger (Nonpartisan)	47.7	60,055
	Jason Page (Nonpartisan)	29.0	36,557
	David DiCarlo (Nonpartisan)	23.2	29,263

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 125,875
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District F

Valerie Thompson defeated Maria Sumnicht in the general election for Douglas County School District Board of Directors District F on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Valerie Thompson (Nonpartisan)	55.4	68,343
	Maria Sumnicht (Nonpartisan)	44.6	54,926

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 123,269
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Richland School District, Washington, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Richland School District school board Position 3

Chelsie Beck defeated Nino Kapitula in the general election for Richland School District school board Position 3 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Chelsie Beck (Nonpartisan)	59.3	12,287
	Nino Kapitula (Nonpartisan)	40.5	8,393
	Other/Write-in votes	0.2	44

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 20,724
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Richland School District school board Position 4

Katrina Waters defeated Kari Williams in the general election for Richland School District school board Position 4 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Katrina Waters (Nonpartisan)	54.5	11,374
	Kari Williams (Nonpartisan)	45.2	9,437
	Other/Write-in votes	0.2	47

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source	Total votes: 20,858
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Richland School District school board Position 5

Incumbent Jill Oldson defeated Gene Nemeth in the general election for Richland School District school board Position 5 on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Jill Oldson (Nonpartisan)	52.6	10,920
	Gene Nemeth (Nonpartisan)	47.1	9,776
	Other/Write-in votes	0.2	48

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 20,744
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Prince William County Public Schools, Virginia, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Chairman

Incumbent Babur Lateef defeated Carrie Rist and Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Chairman on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Babur Lateef (Nonpartisan)	49.5	57,349
	Carrie Rist (Nonpartisan)	40.9	47,387
	Kimberly Mehlman-Orozco (Nonpartisan)	9.2	10,640
	Other/Write-in votes	0.4	421

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 115,797
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Brentsville District

Erica Tredinnick defeated incumbent Adele Jackson and Yesenia Lassiter in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Brentsville District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Erica Tredinnick (Nonpartisan)	48.4	10,704
	Adele Jackson (Nonpartisan)	44.8	9,899
	Yesenia Lassiter (Nonpartisan)	6.4	1,418
	Other/Write-in votes	0.4	97

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 22,118
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Christopher Lee Funderburg (Nonpartisan)

General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Coles District

Incumbent Lisa Zargarpur defeated Stephen Spiker in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Coles District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Lisa Zargarpur (Nonpartisan)	51.7	9,144
	Stephen Spiker (Nonpartisan)	47.9	8,471
	Other/Write-in votes	0.4	73

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 17,688
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Gainesville District

Incumbent Jennifer Wall won election in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Gainesville District on November 7, 2023.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Jennifer Wall (Nonpartisan)	100.0	17,713

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 17,713
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Neabsco District

Tracy LaMar Blake defeated Padreus Pratter and Mike Petko in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Neabsco District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Tracy LaMar Blake (Nonpartisan)	50.0	5,555
	Padreus Pratter (Nonpartisan)	29.5	3,283
	Mike Petko (Nonpartisan)	19.4	2,161
	Other/Write-in votes	1.0	112

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 11,111
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Occoquan District

Richard Jessie, Jr defeated Ryan Wilson Kirkpatrick in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Occoquan District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Richard Jessie, Jr (Nonpartisan)	52.7	9,505
	Ryan Wilson Kirkpatrick (Nonpartisan)	46.8	8,451
	Other/Write-in votes	0.5	97

	There were no incumbents in this race. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 18,053
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Carmen Elena Rodriguez (Nonpartisan)

General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Potomac District

Incumbent Justin Wilk defeated Mario Beckles in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Potomac District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Justin Wilk (Nonpartisan)	68.6	10,571
	Mario Beckles (Nonpartisan)	30.8	4,755
	Other/Write-in votes	0.6	89

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 15,415
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Prince William County Public Schools, Woodbridge District

Incumbent Loree Williams defeated Jaylen Custis and Shantell Eyvette Rock in the general election for Prince William County Public Schools, Woodbridge District on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Loree Williams (Nonpartisan)	45.6	4,562
	Jaylen Custis (Nonpartisan)	32.0	3,201
	Shantell Eyvette Rock (Nonpartisan)	21.9	2,193
	Other/Write-in votes	0.6	59

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source 1 Source 2	Total votes: 10,015
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Woodland Park School District, Colorado, elections (2023)

General election

General election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District A

Incumbent Mick Bates defeated Seth Bryant in the general election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District A on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Mick Bates (Nonpartisan)	50.3	4,642
	Seth Bryant (Nonpartisan)	49.7	4,586

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 9,228
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District C

Keegan Barkley defeated incumbent Dave Illingworth in the general election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District C on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Keegan Barkley (Nonpartisan)	51.2	4,714
	Dave Illingworth (Nonpartisan)	48.8	4,492

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 9,206
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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General election

General election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District D

Incumbent Cassie Kimbrell defeated Mike Knott in the general election for Woodland Park School District Re-2, District D on November 7, 2023.

	Candidate	%	Votes
✔	Cassie Kimbrell (Nonpartisan)	50.4	4,646
	Mike Knott (Nonpartisan)	49.6	4,569

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. Source	Total votes: 9,215
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Race ratings overview

The charts below provide overviews of race ratings from Inside Elections, The Cook Political Report, and Sabato's Crystal Ball in U.S. Senate, U.S. House, and gubernatorial races.^[4]^[5]^[6]

State executive offices and chambers that changed parties

The following tables show state executive offices, state supreme court seats, and state legislative chambers that changed party control as a result of the 2023 elections.

Gubernatorial offices that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Pre-election control	Post-election control
Louisiana	John Bel Edwards	Jeff Landry

Jeff Landry (R) won election as Governor of Louisiana on October 14, 2023.

Lieutenant governor offices that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Pre-election control	Post-election control

Attorney general offices that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Pre-election control	Post-election control

Secretary of State offices that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Pre-election control	Post-election control

State supreme court judgeships that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Pre-election control	Post-election control
Wisconsin	Patience Roggensack	Janet Protasiewicz

Protasiewicz defeated Daniel Kelly in the nonpartisan general election on April 4, 2023. While Wisconsin supreme court elections are officially nonpartisan, Roggensack was considered a member of the court's conservative majority. The three liberal justices on the court endorsed Protasieweicz.

Downballot state executive offices that changed party control, 2023 elections
State	Office	Pre-election control	Post-election control
Mississippi	Mississippi Public Service Commission Northern District	Brandon Presley	Chris Brown

Flipped state legislative chambers, 2023 elections
State	Chamber	Pre-election control	Post-election control
Virginia	House	Republican	Democratic

Note: This was the first election in Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, and Virginia following the 2020 redistricting cycle. Some changes in partisan control in state legislative chambers were affected by new district lines.

Elections by state

Select your state from the dropdown menu or map below to navigate to relevant election results.

Types of elections

Ballotpedia covers the following types of elections at the federal, state, and local levels.

Federal

Presidential election
Congressional races for the U.S. House and U.S. Senate, including special elections

State

Local

Municipal elections

Comprehensive ballot coverage for municipal elections in the top 100 U.S. cities by population, including races for the large counties that overlap them, as well as coverage of mayoral, city council, and district attorney elections in state capitals outside of the top 100 cities

Mayoral elections

Comprehensive ballot coverage for mayoral elections in the top 100 U.S. cities by population and all state capitals

School board elections

Coverage of school board elections in 475 school districts, which includes all school districts in the 100 largest cities by population and the 200 largest school districts by student enrollment

Local judicial elections

Local trial courts with jurisdictions overlapping the top 100 cities by population

Local ballot measures

All local ballot measures in California, as well as ballot measures within the top 100 cities by population

Our coverage scope for local elections continues to grow, and you can use Ballotpedia's sample ballot tool to see what local elections we are covering in your area.

Other

Voting, ballot access, redistricting, etc.

How we decide when to call an election

See also: How we decide when to call an election

Ballotpedia uses two standard criteria when deciding whether to project the outcome of an election:

1.) Type of office

2.) Battleground status

For the first criterion, we make a distinction between top-ballot offices and down-ballot offices. Top-ballot offices include U.S. president, U.S. Congress, and state governor. Down-ballot offices include all other elected state, local, and territorial positions.

For the second criterion, we make a distinction between battleground elections and standard elections. We define a battleground election as one that is particularly competitive or that may have a meaningful effect on the balance of power in government. All other elections receive the standard status.

Based on the above criteria, we take the following approaches when deciding whether to project an election outcome:

Top-ballot office, battleground status: Ballotpedia will not project a winner for these elections until there is a consensus projection made by a pool of three national news outlets (FOX, NBC, and NYT). If some but not all of these outlets have called the election, or if all of the outlets have called the election but there is not a consensus on the outcome, Ballotpedia will refrain from projecting the election winner but will publish the calls made by each individual outlet until a consensus has been reached. Vote totals will be updated for these elections on a daily basis until the outcome has been projected, and then again once results have been certified.
Top-ballot office, standard status: Ballotpedia will not project a winner for these elections until there is a consensus projection made by a pool of three national news outlets (FOX, NBC, and NYT). If some but not all of these outlets have called the election, or if all of the outlets have called the election but there is not a consensus on the outcome, Ballotpedia will refrain from projecting the election winner. Vote totals will be updated for these elections on a daily basis until the outcome has been projected, and then again once results have been certified.
Down-ballot office, battleground status: Ballotpedia will not project a winner for these elections until there is a consensus projection made by two credible media outlets covering the election. If one but not both of these outlets have called the election, or if both outlets have called the election but there is not a consensus on the outcome, Ballotpedia will refrain from projecting the election winner but will publish the calls made by each individual outlet until a consensus has been reached. Vote totals will be updated for these elections once when the election has been called and again when the results have been certified.
Down-ballot office, standard status: Ballotpedia will not project a winner for these elections until a credible media outlet covering the election has called it or at least 95% of precincts are fully reporting and the candidate has a winning margin of at least 5 percentage points or at least 95% of ballots are counted and the candidate has a winning margin of at least 5 percentage points. If an election does not meet either criterion, Ballotpedia will refrain from projecting its winner until certified results are released. Otherwise, vote totals will be updated for these elections once when the election has been called and again when the results have been certified.

For top-ballot offices, we selected three prominent news outlets that freely released their election calls in the 2018 midterm elections. Note that some outlets not listed, such as the Associated Press, only release their full list of election projections to paid partners.

If an election is uncontested, the candidate running unopposed will be marked as the projected winner following the election instead of being subjected to this criteria.

In the event that there is no consensus but certified results have been published by the relevant government election office, Ballotpedia will call the election in accordance with the certified results. However, if a candidate officially requests a recount or if the results are disputed in court, Ballotpedia will note above the vote totals that the election's outcome is pending the outcome of the lawsuit or recount.

This policy is subject to change if new information emerges. Click here to read more about Ballotpedia's editorial approach to election coverage.

Footnotes

[1] ABC News, "Election 2023 results and analysis: Democrats excel in Kentucky, Ohio, Virginia," November 8, 2023

[2] ‘’Max Baer, Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s chief justice, dies,” October 1, 2022

[3] ‘’Max Baer, Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s chief justice, dies,” October 1, 2022

[4] Sabato's Crystal Ball, "Home," accessed October 31, 2023

[5] Inside Elections, "Home," accessed October 31, 2023

[6] The Cook Political Report, "Home," accessed October 31, 2023

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