Election administration in Ohio
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Election administration encompasses a state's voting policies and methods of enforcing them. These include voter identification requirements, early and absentee voting provisions, voter list maintenance methods, and more. Each state's voting policies dictate who can vote and under what conditions.
Below, you will find details on the following election administration topics in Ohio:
Poll times
- See also: State poll opening and closing times
In Ohio, all polling places are open from 6:30 a.m. to 7:30 p.m. Eastern Time. Voters who are in line at 7:30 p.m. are permitted to vote.[2]
Voter registration
- Check your voter registration status here.
To register to vote in Ohio, an applicant must be a United States citizen, a resident of Ohio for at least 30 days before the election, and at least 18 years old by the day of the election. Individuals who are incarcerated for a felony conviction, have been declared by a court to be incompetent for voting purposes, or have been permanently disenfranchised may not register to vote.[3]
Applicants may register to vote online, in person, or by mail. The Ohio Voter Registration and Information Update Form is available online and can be requested by mail. In-person voter registration is available at various locations including the secretary of state and board of elections offices, Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles offices, public libraries and high schools, and other state agencies. A full list of locations is available here.
The deadline to register to vote is 30 days before the next election. An Ohio driver’s license number, state ID card number, or the last four digits of a SSN is required in order to register to vote or update a voter registration.[4][5]
Automatic registration
Ohio does not practice automatic voter registration.
Online registration
- See also: Online voter registration
Ohio has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.
Same-day registration
Ohio does not allow same-day voter registration.
Residency requirements
Prospective voters must be residents of Ohio for at least 30 days before the election.
Verification of citizenship
Ohio does not require proof of citizenship for voter registration.
Verifying your registration
The Ohio Secretary of State’s Office allows residents to check their voter registration status online by visiting this website.
Early and absentee voting policy
Early voting
- See also: Early voting
Ohio permits early voting. Learn more by visiting this website.
Absentee voting
- See also: Absentee voting
All voters are eligible to vote absentee in Ohio. There are no special eligibility requirements for voting absentee.[6]
Absentee ballots may be requested for each individual election beginning on January 1, or 90 days before the date of an election, whichever is earlier. The request must be received by the local county board of elections by the close of business on the seventh day before the election. A returned absentee ballot must then be postmarked at least one day before Election Day and received by the elections board no later than 4 days after the election.[6][7]
Returning absentee ballots
Ohio voters may return their ballots to the appropriate director of elections by mail or in person. The family of a voter may also return the ballot on an elector’s behalf.
Ohio law states the following:
“ | The elector shall mail the identification envelope to the office of the board of elections in the return envelope, postage prepaid, or the elector may personally deliver it to the office of the board, or the spouse of the elector, the father, mother, father-in-law, mother-in-law, grandfather, grandmother, brother, or sister of the whole or half blood, or the son, daughter, adopting parent, adopted child, stepparent, stepchild, uncle, aunt, nephew, or niece of the elector may deliver it to the office of the board.[8][9] | ” |
Signature requirements and cure provisions
In Ohio, ballot return envelopes contain an identification statement; voters must sign the statement and provide their driver’s license number or the last four digits of their social security number. The signature on the envelope is compared with the signature on the voter’s registration form to determine eligibility.[10]
Ohio law contains cure provisions, which offer the following instructions to correct a deficient ballot:
“ | If the director and the deputy director find that the identification envelope statement of voter is incomplete or that the information contained in that statement does not conform to the information contained in the statewide voter registration database concerning the voter or to the information contained in the voter's confidential voter registration record, the director and the deputy director shall mail a written notice to the voter informing the voter of the nature of the defect. The notice shall inform the voter that in order for the voter's ballot to be counted the voter must provide the necessary information to the board of elections in writing and on a form prescribed by the secretary of state not later than the fourth day after the day of the election. The voter may deliver the form to the office of the board in person or by mail. If the voter provides the necessary information to the board of elections not later than the fourth day after the day of the election and the ballot is not successfully challenged on another basis, the voter's ballot shall be counted.[10][9] | ” |
Was your absentee ballot counted?
Use the Absentee Ballot Tracker tool provided by the Ohio Secretary of State office to check the status of your absentee ballot.
Voter identification requirements
- See also: Voter ID in Ohio
- See also: Voter identification laws by state
Ohio requires voters to present photo identification while voting.[11]
The following list of accepted ID was current as of April 2023. Click here for the Ohio Secretary of State page on accepted ID to ensure you have the most current information.
“ |
All photo IDs must have the following:
|
” |
Background
As of August 2023, 34 states required voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Of these states, 23 required voters to present identification containing a photograph, and 11 accepted other forms of identification. The remaining 16 states did not require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Valid forms of identification differ by state. Commonly accepted forms include driver's licenses, state-issued identification cards, and military identification cards.[12][13]
Provisional balloting for voters without ID
Voters who do not have ID while voting may cast provisional ballots. See below for provisional ballot rules.
Provisional ballot rules
Voters in Ohio are given provisional ballots, or ballots requiring additional steps or information before they can be counted, under the following circumstances.[14]
(1) If the voter’s name does not appear on the poll list for that precinct or an election official is unable to determine his or her eligibility, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(2) If the voter does not have the proper form of photo identification, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(3) If the voter’s name appears on the official poll list as having requested an absentee ballot, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(4) If the voter "is marked on the poll list or signature book with a notation that certain registration mailings have been returned as undeliverable", the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(5) If the voter’s "registration has been challenged and/or a hearing on a challenge to your eligibility as an elector has been postponed until after Election Day", the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(6) If the voter’s signature does not match the signature on the registration form, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
A provisional ballot is rejected in the following circumstances:[15]
- If the voter is not registered;
- If the voter was not eligible to vote in that precinct or for that election;
- If the voter did not provide the required information;
- If the voter already voted;
- If the voter failed to provide any additional information required within the curing period (4 days after the election);
- If the voter did not provide proper identification;
- If the voter’s information does not match the information in the voter registration database; or
- If the voter's date of birth is different from the date of birth in the voter’s registration.
Was your provisional ballot counted?
Ohio state law requires that a voter who casts a provisional ballot be informed of a toll-free telephone number which he or she can call to check on the status of the ballot.[16]
Ohio law states:
“ | (a) At the time that an individual casts a provisional ballot, the appropriate local election official shall give the individual written information that states that any individual who casts a provisional ballot will be able to ascertain under the system established under division (B)(5)(b) of this section whether the vote was counted, and, if the vote was not counted, the reason that the vote was not counted.
(b) The appropriate state or local election official shall establish a free access system, in the form of a toll-free telephone number, that any individual who casts a provisional ballot may access to discover whether the vote of that individual was counted, and, if the vote was not counted, the reason that the vote was not counted. The free access system established under this division also shall provide to an individual whose provisional ballot was not counted information explaining how that individual may contact the board of elections to register to vote or to resolve problems with the individual's voter registration. The appropriate state or local election official shall establish and maintain reasonable procedures necessary to protect the security, confidentiality, and integrity of personal information collected, stored, or otherwise used by the free access system established under this division. The system shall permit an individual only to gain access to information about the individual's own provisional ballot.[16][9] |
” |
Local election officials
Do you need information about elections in your area? Are you looking for your local election official? Click here to visit the U.S. Vote Foundation and use their election official lookup tool. |
Primary election type
- See also: Primary elections in Ohio
A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Ohio utilizes an open primary system. In an open primary system, a voter does not have to register with a political party beforehand in order to vote in that party's primary. In Ohio, voters select their preferred party primary ballots at their polling places on Election Day.[17][18][19][20]
For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.
Time off work for voting
In Ohio, employees have the right to a reasonable amount of paid time off work in order to vote. Employers who impede employees may be fined from $50 to $500:
“ | No employer, his officer or agent, shall discharge or threaten to discharge an elector for taking a reasonable amount of time to vote on election day; or require or order an elector to accompany him to a voting place upon such day; or refuse to permit such elector to serve as an election official on any registration or election day; or indirectly use any force or restraint or threaten to inflict any injury, harm, or loss; or in any other manner practice intimidation in order to induce or compel such person to vote or refrain from voting for or against any person or question or issue submitted to the voters.
Whoever violates this section shall be fined not less than fifty nor more than five hundred dollars.[21][9] |
” |
As of 2020, 28 states had laws requiring employers to provide time off for voting under certain conditions.
Voting rules for people convicted of a felony
- See also: Voting rights for convicted felons
In Ohio, people convicted of a felony automatically regain their voting rights after serving their prison time. People who have committed two or more felony offenses violating state election laws are ineligible to regain their right vote. According to the secretary of state's office, "The voter registration of a person who is incarcerated on a felony conviction is cancelled; once that person has completed his or her jail or prison sentence, or is on probation, parole or community control, he or she must re-register to vote by the registration deadline before voting."[3]
Voting rights for convicted felons vary from state to state. In the majority of states, convicted felons cannot vote while they are incarcerated but may regain the right to vote upon release from prison or at some point thereafter.[22]
Voter list maintenance
All states have rules under which they maintain voter rolls—or, check and remove certain names from their lists of registered voters. Most states are subject to the parameters set by The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA).[23] The NVRA requires states to make efforts to remove deceased individuals and individuals who have become ineligible due to a change of address. It prohibits removing registrants from voter lists within 90 days of a federal election due to change of address unless a registrant has requested to be removed, or from removing people from voter lists solely because they have not voted. The NVRA says that states may remove names from their registration lists under certain other circumstances and that their methods for removing names must be uniform and nondiscriminatory.[24]
When names can be removed from the voter list
Ohio law authorizes election officials to remove the names of voters from the registered voting list if an individual:[25]
- dies
- is adjudicated as “incompetent” for the purpose of voting
- is convicted of a felony
- is determined to have moved outside of the county
- remains in inactive status through two federal general elections.
Inactive voter list rules
The Secretary of State’s office is to verify the status of registered Ohio voters every year using National Change of Address data. The Secretary of State’s office is to notify county election officials of individuals it determines have moved. County election officials then send these individuals confirmation of address notices. If these individuals do not respond, they are to remain on the list of registered voters until they fail to vote in two consecutive general elections.[26]
The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)
According to its website, ERIC is a nonprofit corporation that is governed by a board of member-states. These member states submit voter registration and motor vehicle registration information to ERIC. ERIC uses this information, as well as Social Security death records, to provide member states with detailed reports showing voters who have moved within their state, moved out of their state, died, have duplicate registrations in their state, or are potentially eligible to vote but are not yet registered. ERIC's website describes its funding as follows: "Each state pays annual dues, which are determined by a formula approved by the ERIC membership. The formula includes a state's citizen voting age population as a factor."[27]
By 2022, 33 states and the District of Columbia had joined ERIC. As of August 2023, 26 states and the District of Columbia were members in the ERIC program.[28]
As of August 2023, Ohio was not participating in the ERIC program.
Secretary of State Frank LaRose (R) withdrew Ohio from ERIC on March 17, 2023, saying, "I cannot justify the use of Ohio’s tax dollars for an organization that seems intent on rejecting meaningful accountability, publicly maligning my motives, and waging a relentless campaign of misinformation about this [reform] effort.”[29] According to ERIC, the effective date for this withdrawal was June 16, 2023.[30]
Post-election auditing
Ohio state law requires post-election audits. Local elections boards conduct an audit of at least three races. Members of the board must audit either the presidential or governor’s race, at least one other statewide race randomly selected by the secretary of state’s office, and at least one non-statewide candidate race randomly selected by the board of elections. Members of the board decide if they will audit by precinct, polling location, or individual voting machine.[31]
According to the National Conference of State Legislatures, "A county is required to escalate the audit if its accuracy rate is less than 99.5% in a contest with a certified margin that is at least 1% (calculated as a percentage of ballots cast on which the contest appeared), or less than 99.8% in a contest with a certified margin that is less than 1%. Escalation entails drawing a second random sample of at least 5% of votes cast, selected from units that were not audited in the original sample, and auditing the ballots using the same procedures. If, after the second round of auditing, the accuracy rate from the two samples is below 99.5%, the county shall investigate the cause of the discrepancy and report its findings to the Secretary of State’s Office. In such cases, the Secretary of State’s Office may require a 100% hand-count."[31]
The audit must be completed "no sooner than 6 business days after the local election board certifies election results, and no later 21 days [sic] after certifying the official results of the election, unless a recount must be conducted. If a recount is conducted, the post-election audit must be completed no later than 14 days after certification of recount results."[31] Post-election audits check that election results tallied by a state's voting system match results from paper records, such as paper ballots filled out by voters or the paper records produced by electronic voting machines. Post-election audits are classified into two categories: audits of election results—which include traditional post-election audits as well as risk-limiting audits—and procedural audits.[32][33]
Typically, traditional post-election audits are done by recounting a portion of ballots, either electronically or by hand, and comparing the results to those produced by the state's voting system. In contrast, risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to compare a random sample of votes cast to election results instead of reviewing every ballot. The scope of procedural audits varies by state, but they typically include a systematic review of voting equipment, performance of the voting system, vote totals, duties of election officials and workers, ballot chain of custody, and more.
As of December 2023, 41 states and the District of Columbia required some form of post-election audit. Of these, 36 states and the District of Columbia required traditional post-election audits, three states required risk-limiting post-election audits, and two states required procedural post-election audits.[34]
Election policy ballot measures
Ballotpedia has tracked the following ballot measures relating to election and campaign policy in Ohio.
- Ohio Issue 3, Campaign Finance Initiative (2005)
- Ohio Issue No. 5, Establishment of State Election Board Initiative (2005)
- Ohio Voter Registration and Voting Eligibility Initiative (1977)
- Ohio Newspaper Notice of Municipal Charter Amendments Amendment (1970)
- Ohio Residency Requirement for Voters Amendment (1970)
- Ohio Issue 3, Ohio Ballot Board and Constitutional Amendments Measure (May 1974)
- Ohio Short Ballot for County and Township Officers Amendment (1913)
- Ohio Short Ballot for State Officers Amendment (1913)
- Ohio Removal of Constitutional Section Regarding Militia Officers Amendment (1953)
- Ohio Elimination of Short-Term Elections Amendment (1969)
- Ohio Publication of Ballot Measures in Newspapers Amendment (1971)
- Ohio Disqualifications for Public Office Amendment (May 1973)
- Ohio Equal Treatment of Candidate Names on Ballots Amendment (1975)
- Ohio Terms of Office and Vacancies Amendment (June 1976)
- Ohio Selection of Supreme and Appellate Court Judges Initiative (1987)
- Ohio Elimination of the Compulsory Primary Election for Delegates Initiative (1926)
- Ohio Voting for Individual Candidates Initiative (1949)
- Ohio Joint Election of Governor and Lieutenant Governor Amendment (June 1976)
- Ohio Voter Qualifications and Privileges Amendment (June 1976)
- Ohio Declaration of Election Results Amendment (1976)
- Ohio Require Elections for Delegates for National Political Party Conventions Amendment (1975)
- Ohio Voting Machine Use Amendment (September 1912)
- Ohio Primary Elections for Elective Offices Amendment (September 1912)
- Ohio Election of Members of the Public Utilities Commission Initiative (1982)
- Ohio Issue 1, Ballot Board to Write Measure Language Amendment (June 1978)
- Ohio Biennial Elections, Amendment 1 (1905)
- Ohio Prohibit Re-Submitting Twice Rejected Constitutional Amendments for Six Years Initiative (1915)
- Ohio Elections of Members of the General Assembly, Amendment 2 (October 1879)
- Ohio Elections of State Officers, Amendment 3 (October 1879)
- Ohio Elections of Township Trustees, Amendment 4 (October 1879)
- Ohio Election Day for Members of the General Assembly, Amendment 1 (October 1885)
- Ohio Election Day for State Officers, Amendment 2 (October 1885)
- Ohio Election Day for County Officers, Amendment 3 (October 1885)
- Ohio Biennial Elections, Amendment 3 (1889)
- Ohio Issue 1, Ballot Initiative Signature Deadline Amendment (2008)
- Ohio Voting and Elections Amendment (2024)
The table below lists bills related to election administration that have been introduced during (or carried over to) the current legislative session in Ohio. The following information is included for each bill:
- State
- Bill number
- Official name or caption
- Most recent action date
- Legislative status
- Topics dealt with by the bill
Bills are organized alphabetically, first by state and then by bill number. The table displays up to 100 results by default. To view additional results, use the arrows in the upper-right corner of the table. For more information about a particular bill, click the bill number. This will open a separate page with additional information.
Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker
State election laws are changing. Keeping track of the latest developments in all 50 states can seem like an impossible job.
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- Ballotpedia's election experts provide daily updates on bills and other relevant political developments
- We translate complex bill text into easy-to-understand summaries written in everyday language
- And because it's from Ballotpedia, our Tracker is guaranteed to be neutral, unbiased, and nonpartisan
The Ballot Bulletin
The Ballot Bulletin is a weekly email that delivers the latest updates on election policy. The Ballot Bulletin tracks developments in election policy around the country, including legislative activity, big-picture trends, and recent news. Each email contains in-depth data from our Election Administration Legislation Tracker. You'll also be able to track relevant legislation, with links to and summaries of the bills themselves.
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Ballot access
In order to get on the ballot in Ohio, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.
There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.
- An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
- An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
- An individual can run as a write-in candidate.
This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Ohio. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, see "Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Ohio." Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in Ohio
Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. Each of Ohio's 16 United States representatives and 132 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. United States senators are not elected by districts but by the states at large. District lines are redrawn every 10 years following completion of the United States Census. The federal government stipulates that districts must have nearly equal populations and must not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity.[35][36][37][38]
Ohio was apportioned 15 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, 1 fewer than it received after the 2010 census.
State process
- See also: State-by-state redistricting procedures
Congressional redistricting procedures in Ohio
On May 8, 2018, voters in Ohio approved a constitutional amendment establishing new procedures for congressional redistricting. Beginning with the 2020 redistricting cycle, the following provisions were set to take effect:[39][40]
- Following completion of the United States Census, state legislators can adopt a new congressional district map if three-fifths of the legislature's total membership vote to approve, including one-half of the minority party members. This map would apply for 10 years.
- If the legislature proves unable to adopt a new map, a commission will be formed to adopt a map. That commission will include the governor, state auditor, secretary of state, and four legislators, two of whom must come from the legislature's minority party. A majority of the commission's members, including two members belonging to the minority party, must agree on a map. The map would apply for 10 years.
- If the commission proves unable to adopt a map, state legislators will be given a second chance to adopt a map. The map would have to be approved by three-fifths of the legislature's total membership, including one-third of the minority party's members. The map would apply for 10 years.
- If the legislature fails a second time, the majority party of the legislature, without support from the minority party, can adopt a map that would apply for four years.
Maps drawn by the legislature can be vetoed by the governor or a veto referendum campaign. The amendment stipulates that 65 of Ohio's counties cannot be split during redistricting (18 can be split once, and the state's five most populous counties can be split twice).[39][40]
State legislative redistricting procedures in Ohio
On November 3, 2015, voters in Ohio approved a constitutional amendment to create a bipartisan state legislative redistricting commission. The commission comprises seven members: the governor, state auditor, secretary of state, one person appointed by the speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives, one person appointed by the House leader of the largest political party of which the speaker is not a member, one person appointed by the President of the Ohio State Senate, and one person appointed by the Senate leader of the largest political party of which the president is not a member.[41][42]
Maps drawn by the commission are valid for 10 years if at least two commissioners from each major political party vote for them. Should the maps be passed along strictly partisan lines, the maps are valid for four years.[41][42]
A six-member advisory commission is also involved in the congressional and state legislative redistricting processes. The majority leaders of the Ohio House of Representatives and the Ohio State Senate each appoint three members, "at least one of whom must be from a different party, and at least one of whom must not be a legislator."[43]
All legislative districts are required to be compact and made of "contiguous territory." Also, the "boundary of each district [must] be a single nonintersecting continuous line." The amendment forbids district plans from favoring or disfavoring either political party.[41][42]
Election administration agencies
Election agencies
- See also: State election agencies
Individuals seeking additional information about voting provisions in Ohio can contact the following local, state, and federal agencies.
Ohio County Boards of Elections
Ohio Secretary of State, Elections Division
- 180 East Broad Street, 16th Floor
- Columbus, Ohio 43215
- Phone: 614-466-2585<be>
- Tollfree: 1-877-767-6446
- Website: http://www.sos.state.oh.us/SOS/elections.aspx
U.S. Election Assistance Commission
- 633 3rd Street NW, Suite 200
- Washington, DC 20001
- Telephone: 301-563-3919
- Toll free: 1-866-747-1471
Ballotpedia's election coverage
- United States Senate Democratic Party primaries, 2024
- United States House Democratic Party primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party gubernatorial primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party Secretary of State primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party Attorney General primaries, 2024
- State legislative Democratic primaries, 2024
- United States Senate Republican Party primaries, 2024
- United States House Republican Party primaries, 2024
- Republican Party gubernatorial primaries, 2024
- Republican Party Secretary of State primaries, 2024
- Republican Party Attorney General primaries, 2024
- State legislative Republican primaries, 2024
See also
- 2024 election dates and deadlines
- Voting in Ohio
- Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Ohio
- Redistricting in Ohio
Elections in Ohio
- Ohio elections, 2023
- Ohio elections, 2022
- Ohio elections, 2021
- Ohio elections, 2020
- Ohio elections, 2019
- Ohio elections, 2018
- Ohio elections, 2017
- Ohio elections, 2016
- Ohio elections, 2015
- Ohio elections, 2014
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ We use the term "absentee/mail-in voting" to describe systems in which requests or applications are required. We use the term "all-mail voting" to denote systems where the ballots themselves are sent automatically to all voters. We use the hyphenate term for absentee voting because some states use “mail voting” (or a similar alternative) to describe what has traditionally been called "absentee voting."
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, “Election Day Voting,” accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Ohio Secretary of State, “Voter Eligibility & Residency Requirements,” accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, “Register to Vote and Update Your Registration,” accessed April 6, 2023
- ↑ Democracy Docket, “Ohio Governor Signs Strict Photo ID Bill Into Law,” January 6, 2023
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ohio Secretary of State, "Voting Absentee by Mail," accessed April 6, 2023
- ↑ Democracy Docket, "Ohio Governor Signs Strict Photo ID Bill Into Law," January 6, 2023
- ↑ LAWriter Ohio Laws and Rules, “OH Revised Code, Section 3509.05,” accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 LAWriter Ohio Laws and Rules, “OH Revised Code, Section 3509.06,” accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "Identification requirements," accessed Aprl 6, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Voter Identification Requirements|Voter ID Laws," March 9, 2023
- ↑ The Washington Post, "Do I need an ID to vote? A look at the laws in all 50 states," October 27, 2014
- ↑ Ohio Secretary of State, "Provisional Voting," accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed November 4, 2022
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 LAWriter Ohio Laws and Rules, "Ohio Revised Code 3505.181 Eligibility to cast provisional ballot - procedure." accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed October 25, 2019
- ↑ FairVote, "Primaries," accessed October 25, 2019
- ↑ Ballotpedia research conducted December 26, 2013, through January 3, 2014, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
- ↑ LAWriter Ohio Laws and Rules, "3501.01 Election procedure - election officials definitions.," accessed October 25, 2019
- ↑ Lawriter Ohio Laws and Rules, "3599.06 Employer shall not interfere with employee on election day.," accessed April 12, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," April 6, 2023
- ↑ The Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."
- ↑ The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed Aprl 4, 2023
- ↑ Ohio Code, "3503.18, 3503.21, and 3503.33," April 12, 2023
- ↑ Ohio Code, "3503.21," September 27, 2019
- ↑ ERIC, "Home," accessed April 4, 2023
- ↑ ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed August 7, 2023
- ↑ Louisiana Secretary of State, “Letter to ERIC Director Shane Hamlin,” March 17, 2023
- ↑ Electronic Registration Information Center, "Who We Are," accessed April 3, 2023
- ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," accessed October 15, 2019
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," September 22, 2022
- ↑ Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed August 15, 2023
- ↑ Ballotpedia research conducted in June 2023, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed April 8, 2015
- ↑ Indy Week, "Cracked, stacked and packed: Initial redistricting maps met with skepticism and dismay," June 29, 2011
- ↑ The Atlantic, "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities," June 17, 2013
- ↑ Redrawing the Lines, "The Role of Section 2 - Majority Minority Districts," accessed April 6, 2015
- ↑ 39.0 39.1 Cincinnati.com, "Everyone complains about congressional gerrymandering. Ohio just did something about it." February 6, 2018
- ↑ 40.0 40.1 The Ohio Legislature, "Senate Joint Resolution 5," accessed February 6, 2018
- ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 Ohio Secretary of State, "House Joint Resolution Number 12," accessed April 21, 2015
- ↑ 42.0 42.1 42.2 Ohio Legislative Service Commission, "HJR 12 Final Analysis ," accessed April 21, 2015
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Ohio," accessed May 8, 2015
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