Election administration in Kansas
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Election administration encompasses a state's voting policies and methods of enforcing them. These include voter identification requirements, early and absentee voting provisions, voter list maintenance methods, and more. Each state's voting policies dictate who can vote and under what conditions.
Below, you will find details on the following election administration topics in Kansas:
Poll times
- See also: State poll opening and closing times
In Kansas, most polls are open from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. Central Time, as Kansas mandates in its state laws that the polls must be open a minimum of 12 hours. Counties may open the polls earlier and close them later. If the polls close while a voter is in line, he or she will still be permitted to vote.[2]
Voter registration
- Check your voter registration status here.
To vote in Kansas, one must be a citizen of the United States and a resident of Kansas. In order to register, an individual must be least 18 years old before the next election. Voters must register at least 21 days prior to Election Day. Registration can be done by completing and returning an application, either in person or by mail. Registration may also be completed online.[3]
On June 18, 2018, a federal judge struck down a Kansas law requiring citizens to present proof of citizenship when registering to vote. A federal appeals court subsequently affirmed that decision. For more information, see below.
Automatic registration
Kansas does not practice automatic voter registration.
Online registration
- See also: Online voter registration
Kansas has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.
Same-day registration
Kansas does not allow same-day voter registration.
Residency requirements
To register to vote in Kansas, you must be a resident of the state. State law does not specify a length of time for which you must have been a resident to be eligible.
Verification of citizenship
A provision of Kansas’ SAFE Act went into effect on January 1, 2013, requiring individuals to provide proof of citizenship with their voter registration applications. On June 18, 2018, Judge Julie Robinson, of the United States District Court for the District of Kansas, struck down the proof of citizenship provision and ordered Secretary of State Kris Kobach (R) to stop enforcing the rule. On June 20, 2018, Kobach’s office advised county clerks to comply with Robinson’s order. Kobach appealed the decision to the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, which heard oral arguments on March 18, 2019. On April 29, 2020, a Tenth Circuit panel affirmed the district court's ruling.[4][5][6][7]
Verifying your registration
The site Voter View, run by the Kansas Secretary of State office, allows residents to check their voter registration status online.
Early and absentee voting policy
Early voting
- See also: Early voting
Kansas permits early voting. Learn more by visiting this website.
Absentee voting
- See also: Absentee voting
All voters are eligible to vote absentee in Kansas. There are no special eligibility requirements for voting absentee. An absentee ballot application must be received by the Tuesday prior to the election. Kansas refers to absentee voting as "advance voting."[8]
Returning absentee ballots
Absentee ballots can be returned in person or by mail. Ballots returned by mail must be postmarked on or before election day and received by election officials no later than three days after the election. Ballots returned in person can be delivered to the voter’s county election office or any polling place within the voter’s county; the ballot must be returned by the time the polls close on election day.[9]
A voter may return or mail his or her absentee ballot in person or designate another person to do so. Unless the voter is physically unable, he or she must provide a written statement authorizing the designee to return their ballot. The designee must sign a statement that they did not exert undue influence on the voter and that they agree to return the ballot on time.[10]
Signature requirements and cure provisions
Absentee ballots in Kansas include an affidavit that must be signed by the voter in order for the ballot to be counted. Kansas law does not include a cure provision, or a law allowing voters to correct an issue with the signature on their ballot. However, when the signature on a voter’s absentee ballot application does not match the signature on file with the voter’s registration, Kansas election officials are required to contact that voter and give them an opportunity to correct the discrepancy.[8]
Was your absentee ballot counted?
Voters can use the Advance Ballot Search tool provided by the Kansas Secretary of State to check the status of their absentee ballot.
Voter identification requirements
- See also: Voter ID in Kansas
- See also: Voter identification laws by state
Kansas requires voters to present photo identification while voting.[11]
Voters can present the following forms of identification:
- Driver's license or nondriver's identification card issued by Kansas or by another state or district of the United States
- Concealed carry of handgun license issued by Kansas or a concealed carry of handgun or weapon license issued by another state or district of the United States
- United States passport
- Employee badge or identification document issued by a municipal, county, state, or federal government office
- Military identification document issued by the United States
- Student identification card issued by an accredited postsecondary institution of education in the state of Kansas
- Public assistance identification card issued by a municipal, county, state, or federal government office
- Identification card issued by an Indian tribe
A photo ID does not need to have an expiration date, but, if it does have an expiration date, it must not have expired at the time of voting. If the voter is over the age of 65, he or she can use an expired ID.[11]
The following voters are exempt from providing photo ID:[11]
- Military and overseas citizens who vote under the federal Uniformed and Overseas Citizens Absentee Voting Act (UOCAVA)
- Voters who vote in mail ballot elections, which are limited to local jurisdictions holding special question-submitted elections
- Voters who are accepted to the permanent advance voting list
- Any voter who objects to having his or her photo taken because of his or her religious beliefs. The voter can complete and sign the Declaration of Religious Objection form.
Voters who do not have a photo ID can obtain one for free through the Division of Vehicles, Kansas Department of Revenue. The voter must provide proof of identity and proof of residence. The voter must also sign an affidavit. Voters can access the Certification Requesting Fee Waiver for Nondriver Identification Card form at all driver's license offices, county election offices, and on the secretary of state's website. If a voter does not have the proper documents to obtain a nondriver ID card, he or she can obtain a Kansas birth certificate from the Kansas Office of Vital Statistics for free. Voters can also apply for a free State Voter Identification Document. Voters should contact the election division of the secretary of state's office at election@sos.ks.gov or (800) 262-VOTE to apply.[11]
Background
The Kansas Secure and Fair Elections Act was signed into law on April 18, 2011, by Governor Sam Brownback (R). Beginning January 1, 2012, Kansas voters were required to present photo ID when voting in person. Beginning January 1, 2013, persons registering to vote for the first time were required to prove U.S. citizenship. Kansas Secretary of State Kris Kobach (R) was sued over the law by Arthur Spry and Charles Hamner, two elderly Kansas residents whose ballots were not counted in the November 2012 general election because they could not provide photo identification. The lawsuit stated that neither had a driver's license or access to the birth records needed to secure a photo ID. The federal trial was set for May 11, 2015. On April 23, 2014, the federal lawsuit was dismissed. Both Spry and Hamner asked to have the case dismissed when the trial was scheduled after the 2014 elections.[12][13]
As of August 2023, 34 states required voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Of these states, 23 required voters to present identification containing a photograph, and 11 accepted other forms of identification. The remaining 16 states did not require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Valid forms of identification differ by state. Commonly accepted forms include driver's licenses, state-issued identification cards, and military identification cards.[14][15]
Provisional balloting for voters without ID
Voters who do not have ID while voting may cast provisional ballots.[11] See below for provisional ballot rules.
Provisional ballot rules
Voters in Kansas are given provisional ballots, or ballots requiring additional steps or information before they can be counted, under the following circumstances.[16]
(1) If the voter changes his or her name or address within the county and does not re-register to vote with the new information, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(2) If the voter’s U.S. citizenship, age, registration, residence, or criminal record is questioned, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(3) If the voter already voted during the election, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
(4) If the voter does not provide photo identification, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.
A provisional ballot is rejected if the voter fails to provide the necessary information requested by the election officer.[17]
Those who voted by provisional ballot because they did not present required ID "may submit a valid photographic identification document by mail, in person, or by electronic means to the county election office in the county where the voter is registered to vote" before the board of canvassers convenes.[18]
Was your provisional ballot counted?
Voters can contact their "county election office after Election Day to determine if your ballot counted, and if not, why," according to VoteKansas.org.[16]
Local election officials
Do you need information about elections in your area? Are you looking for your local election official? Click here to visit the U.S. Vote Foundation and use their election official lookup tool. |
Primary election type
- See also: Primary elections in Kansas
A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Kansas utilizes a semi-closed primary process, in which previously unaffiliated voters can participate in the partisan primary of their choice (a voter who is already affiliated with a party can only vote in that party's primary).[19][20][21][22]
For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.
Time off work for voting
In Kansas, employers may specify when employees take time off work to vote, amounting to two consecutive hours during the voting period when combined with non-work hours. Employers may not select scheduled breaks for time off. Failure to comply is a misdemeanor:
| “ |
Any person entitled to vote at an election conducted by a county election officer in this state shall, on the day of such election, be entitled to absent himself from any service or employment in which he is then engaged or employed for a period of not to exceed two (2) consecutive hours between the time of opening and closing of polls: Provided, That if the polls are open before commencing work or after terminating work but the period of time the polls are so open is less than two (2) consecutive hours, he shall only be entitled to absent himself from such service or employment for such a period of time which, when added to the period of time the polls are so open, will not exceed two hours; and such voter shall not because of so absenting himself be liable to any penalty, nor shall deductions be made, on account of such absence, from his usual salary or wages. The employer may specify the particular time during the day which said employee may absent himself as aforesaid except such specified time shall not include any time during the regular lunch period. Obstruction of voting privilege is (a) intentionally obstructing an employee in his or her exercise of voting privilege or (b) imposing a penalty upon an employee exercising his or her voting privilege under this section. Obstruction of voting privilege is a class A misdemeanor.[23][24] |
” |
As of 2020, 28 states had laws requiring employers to provide time off for voting under certain conditions.
Voting rules for people convicted of a felony
- See also: Voting rights for convicted felons
In Kansas, people convicted of a felony offense may not vote until they have completed their entire sentence, including parole or probation, at which time their voting rights are automatically restored. Residents of other states serving a sentence in Kansas dictated by a felony crime may, however, be able to use an absentee ballot to vote in their home state, depending on the state's laws. For more information on Kansas' rules for restoring voting rights to people convicted of a felony, click here.
Voting rights for people convicted of a felony vary from state to state. In the majority of states, people convicted of a felony cannot vote while they are incarcerated but may regain the right to vote upon release from prison or at some point thereafter.[25]
Voter list maintenance
All states have rules under which they maintain voter rolls—or, check and remove certain names from their lists of registered voters. Most states are subject to the parameters set by The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA).[26] The NVRA requires states to make efforts to remove deceased individuals and individuals who have become ineligible due to a change of address. It prohibits removing registrants from voter lists within 90 days of a federal election due to change of address unless a registrant has requested to be removed, or from removing people from voter lists solely because they have not voted. The NVRA says that states may remove names from their registration lists under certain other circumstances and that their methods for removing names must be uniform and nondiscriminatory.[27]
When names can be removed from the voter list
Kansas law authorizes county election officials to remove the names of voters from the registered voting list if an individual:[28]
- requests in writing to be removed from the registration list or confirms they have registered to vote in a different jurisdiction
- dies
- is convicted of a felony
- does not respond to an address confirmation notice and does not vote in two consecutive federal general elections.
Inactive voter list rules
Kansas law requires the Secretary of State’s Office or county election officials to conduct an annual comparison of state voter registration data with National Change of Address data. County election officials may use mass mailings as an alternative to NCOA data to gather information on voters. Officials maintain data on individuals who do not respond to address confirmation notices and are required to remove them from the list if they remain inactive through two federal general elections.[29]
The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)
According to its website, ERIC is a nonprofit corporation that is governed by a board of member-states. These member states submit voter registration and motor vehicle registration information to ERIC. ERIC uses this information, as well as Social Security death records, to provide member states with detailed reports showing voters who have moved within their state, moved out of their state, died, have duplicate registrations in their state, or are potentially eligible to vote but are not yet registered. ERIC's website describes its funding as follows: "Each state pays annual dues, which are determined by a formula approved by the ERIC membership. The formula includes a state's citizen voting age population as a factor."[30]
By 2022, 33 states and the District of Columbia had joined ERIC. As of August 2023, 26 states and the District of Columbia were members in the ERIC program.[31]
As of August 2023, Kansas was not participating in the ERIC program.
Post-election auditing
Kansas state law requires post-election audits. County election officials randomly select 1 percent of precincts, with a minimum of one precinct within each county, to be audited. All paper ballots are manually reviewed. The races chosen for auditing change depending on the election year. "If a discrepancy is reported between the audit and the unofficial returns and cannot be resolved, the county election officer or the secretary of state may require audits of additional precincts. Once the audit has been completed, the results of the audit shall be used by the county board of canvassers when certifying the official election results," according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. The audit must be completed before the election is certified.[32]
Post-election audits check that election results tallied by a state's voting system match results from paper records, such as paper ballots filled out by voters or the paper records produced by electronic voting machines. Post-election audits are classified into two categories: audits of election results—which include traditional post-election audits as well as risk-limiting audits—and procedural audits.[25][33]
Typically, traditional post-election audits are done by recounting a portion of ballots, either electronically or by hand, and comparing the results to those produced by the state's voting system. In contrast, risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to compare a random sample of votes cast to election results instead of reviewing every ballot. The scope of procedural audits varies by state, but they typically include a systematic review of voting equipment, performance of the voting system, vote totals, duties of election officials and workers, ballot chain of custody, and more.
As of December 2023, 41 states and the District of Columbia required some form of post-election audit. Of these, 36 states and the District of Columbia required traditional post-election audits, three states required risk-limiting post-election audits, and two states required procedural post-election audits.[34]
Noteworthy events
Out-of-state groups allowed to send absentee/mail-in ballot applications (2021)
On November 19, 2021, Judge Kathryn Vratil, of the U.S. District Court for the District Court of Kansas, enjoined a state law prohibiting out-of-state groups from sending absentee/mail-in ballot application forms to Kansas voters. In her order, Vratil wrote, "Precedent dictates that the Court must treat alleged First Amendment harms 'gingerly.' Plaintiffs have sufficiently pled that unless enjoined, [the law in question] will limit Kansas voters in navigating the path to ballot access and interfere with plaintiffs' First Amendment rights. Such losses are ones that money damages cannot redress, so this factor weighs strongly in favor of an injunction." Vratil's order barred election officials from enforcing the disputed law pending full resolution of the case.[35]
Absentee/mail-in ballot rules changed (2021)
On May 3, 2021, the Kansas House of Representatives and the Kansas State Senate voted 85-38 and 28-12, respectively, to override Governor Laura Kelly's (D) vetoes of HB2813 and HB2332. As enacted, the bills made the following changes to the state's election laws:[36][37]
- HB2813
- Prohibited backdating or otherwise altering a postmark on an advance voting ballot "if the intent is to make the mailing date appear different from the actual date of mailing by the voter or voter's designee."
- Prohibited local election officials "from accepting an advance voting ballot transmitted by mail unless they first verify the signature on an advance voting ballot envelope matches the signature on file in the county voter registration records."
- Rescinded the authority of the secretary of state to extend the deadline for receiving advance voting ballots.
- Prohibited "any person from delivering an advance voting ballot on behalf of another person, unless the person submits an accompanying written statement at the time of delivery, signed by both the voter and the person delivering the ballot." Prohibited a candidate for office from delivering an advance voting ballot on behalf of another voter unless that voter is a member of the candidate's immediate family. Prohibited any individual from delivering more than 10 advance voting ballots on behalf of other voters.
- HB2332
- Required "any individual who solicits by mail a registered voter to file an application for an advance voting ballot, and in such mailing includes an application for an advance voting ballot, to include in such mailing:" the name and address of the individual or entity making the solicitation; the name of the president or chief executive officer of the entity, if applicable; and a statement in the following form: "Disclosure: This is not a government mailing. It is from a private individual or organization."
- Prohibited "any person not a resident of Kansas or domiciled in Kansas from mailing or causing to be mailed an application for an advance voting ballot."
- Prohibited "the Governor, the Executive Branch, and the Judicial Branch from altering election laws."
Upon vetoing the two bills on April 23, 2021, Kelly said each was "designed to disenfranchise Kansans, making it difficult for them to participate in the democratic process, not to stop voter fraud." Rep. Blake Carpenter (R), who voted in favor of both bills, rejected this characterization: "The governor said that this is a problem in search of a solution, or that we don’t really need this legislation. However, I think that this legislation directly impacts what future elections could look like because of the issues we saw in those other elections and other states."[38][39]
HB2813 originally cleared both the Kansas House of Representatives and the Kansas State Senates by votes of 80-42 and 27-11, respectively. The House and Senate originally voted 83-38 and 27-11, respectively, to adopt HB2332.[36][37]
Multiple groups filed separate lawsuits (listed below) challenging various provisions of these bills:
- League of Women Voters of Kansas v. Schwab (filed June 1, 2021, in the Shawnee County District Court)
- VoteAmerica v. Schwab (filed June 2, 2021, in the U.S. District Court for the District of Kansas)
Election policy ballot measures
Ballotpedia has tracked the following ballot measures relating to election and campaign policy in Kansas.
- Kansas Voting Disqualification Amendment, Constitutional Amendment Question 2 (2010)
- Kansas Elections, Amendment 2 (1974)
- Kansas Constitutional Amendment 2, County Sheriff Election and Recall Amendment (2022)
The table below lists bills related to election administration that have been introduced during (or carried over to) the current legislative session in Kansas. The following information is included for each bill:
- State
- Bill number
- Official name or caption
- Most recent action date
- Legislative status
- Topics dealt with by the bill
Bills are organized alphabetically, first by state and then by bill number. The table displays up to 100 results by default. To view additional results, use the arrows in the upper-right corner of the table. For more information about a particular bill, click the bill number. This will open a separate page with additional information.
Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker
State election laws are changing. Keeping track of the latest developments in all 50 states can seem like an impossible job.
Here's the solution: Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker.
Ballotpedia's Election Administration Tracker sets the industry standard for ease of use, flexibility, and raw power. But that's just the beginning of what it can do:
- Ballotpedia's election experts provide daily updates on bills and other relevant political developments
- We translate complex bill text into easy-to-understand summaries written in everyday language
- And because it's from Ballotpedia, our Tracker is guaranteed to be neutral, unbiased, and nonpartisan
The Ballot Bulletin
The Ballot Bulletin is a weekly email that delivers the latest updates on election policy. The Ballot Bulletin tracks developments in election policy around the country, including legislative activity, big-picture trends, and recent news. Each email contains in-depth data from our Election Administration Legislation Tracker. You'll also be able to track relevant legislation, with links to and summaries of the bills themselves.
Click here to view recent issues and subscribe.
Ballot access
In order to get on the ballot in Kansas, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.
There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.
- An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
- An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
- An individual can run as a write-in candidate.
This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Kansas. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, see "Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Kansas." Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).
Redistricting
- See also: Redistricting in Kansas
Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. Each of Kansas' four United States Representatives and 165 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. United States Senators are not elected by districts, but by the states at large. District lines are redrawn every 10 years following completion of the United States census. The federal government stipulates that districts must have nearly equal populations and must not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity.[40][41][42][43]
Kansas was apportioned four seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, the same number it received after the 2010 census. Click here for more information about redistricting in Kansas after the 2020 census.
State process
- See also: State-by-state redistricting procedures
In Kansas, the state legislature draws both congressional and state legislative district lines. Redistricting plans are subject to veto by the governor. State legislative district maps must be submitted for final approval to the Kansas Supreme Court, which must determine whether the maps are constitutional. If the court rules that the maps violate the law, the state legislature may attempt to draw the lines again. There are no such provisions in place for congressional redistricting.[44]
In 2002, Kansas adopted guidelines for congressional and state legislative redistricting. These guidelines ask that "both congressional and state legislative districts be contiguous, as compact as possible, and recognize and consider communities of common 'social, cultural, racial, ethnic, and economic' interests." In addition, these guidelines stipulate that state legislative districts should "preserve existing political subdivisions and avoid contests between incumbents to the extent possible." Congressional districts should "preserve whole counties and maintain the core of existing districts where possible." The state legislature may amend these guidelines at its discretion.[44]
Election administration agencies
Election agencies
- See also: State election agencies
Individuals seeking additional information about voting provisions in Kansas can contact the following local, state, and federal agencies.
Kansas County Election Officers
Secretary of State Office:
- Memorial Hall, 1st Floor
- 120 SW 10th Avenue
- Topeka, KS 66612-1594
- Telephone: 785-296-4564
- Email: election@sos.ks.gov
- http://www.kssos.org/
U.S. Election Assistance Commission
- 633 3rd Street NW, Suite 200
- Washington, DC 20001
- Telephone: 301-563-3919
- Toll free: 1-866-747-1471
Ballotpedia's election coverage
- United States Senate Democratic Party primaries, 2024
- United States House Democratic Party primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party gubernatorial primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party Secretary of State primaries, 2024
- Democratic Party Attorney General primaries, 2024
- State legislative Democratic primaries, 2024
- United States Senate Republican Party primaries, 2024
- United States House Republican Party primaries, 2024
- Republican Party gubernatorial primaries, 2024
- Republican Party Secretary of State primaries, 2024
- Republican Party Attorney General primaries, 2024
- State legislative Republican primaries, 2024
See also
- 2024 election dates and deadlines
- Voting in Kansas
- Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Kansas
- Redistricting in Kansas
Elections in Kansas
- Kansas elections, 2023
- Kansas elections, 2022
- Kansas elections, 2021
- Kansas elections, 2020
- Kansas elections, 2019
- Kansas elections, 2018
- Kansas elections, 2017
- Kansas elections, 2016
- Kansas elections, 2015
- Kansas elections, 2014
External links
Footnotes
- ↑ We use the term "absentee/mail-in voting" to describe systems in which requests or applications are required. We use the term "all-mail voting" to denote systems where the ballots themselves are sent automatically to all voters. We use the hyphenate term for absentee voting because some states use “mail voting” (or a similar alternative) to describe what has traditionally been called "absentee voting."
- ↑ State of Kansas Secretary of State, “Frequently Asked Questions” accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ Kansas Office of the Secretary of State, "Kansas Voter Registration Instructions," accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ United States District Court for the District of Kansas, "Fish v. Kobach and Bednasek v. Kobach: Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law," June 18, 2018
- ↑ The Topeka Capital-Journal, "Kobach's office tells counties to stop asking for proof of citizenship," June 20, 2018
- ↑ AP News, "Kansas hopes to resurrect proof-of-citizenship voting law," March 18, 2019
- ↑ United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit, "Fish v. Schwab: Opinion and Order," April 29, 2020
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 Kansas Office of Revisor of Statutes, “K.S.A. 25-1122” accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ Kansas Secretary of State, “Voter Information,” accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ Kansas Office of Revisor of Statutes, "K.S.A. 22-1128" accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Kansas Secretary of State, "Elections - FAQ," accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ Topeka Capital Journal, "Trial set for 2015 in suit over voter ID law," April 9, 2014
- ↑ The Wichita Eagle, "2 men end federal lawsuit over Kansas voter ID law," August 8, 2014
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Voter Identification Requirements|Voter ID Laws," March 9, 2023
- ↑ The Washington Post, "Do I need an ID to vote? A look at the laws in all 50 states," October 27, 2014
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Kansas Secretary of State, "Guide to Provisional Voting," accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed March 24, 2023
- ↑ Case Text, "Section 7-46-1 - Postelection submission of photographic identification by provisional voter," accessed March 30, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed March 30, 2023
- ↑ FairVote, "Open and closed primaries," accessed March 30, 2023
- ↑ Ballotpedia research conducted December 26, 2013, through January 3, 2014, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
- ↑ Scott Schwab Kansas Secretary of State, "Voting Rules for Primary Elections," accessed March 30, 2023
- ↑ Kansas State Legislature, "2022 Statute Article 4 Section 25-418. Leave allowance for employees to vote; obstruction of voting privilege, penalty.," accessed March 30, 2023
- ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," April 6, 2023 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "ncsl" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ The Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."
- ↑ The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed Aprl 4, 2023
- ↑ Kansas Statutes, "25-2316c," September 22, 2019
- ↑ Kansas Statutes, "25-2316c and 25-2354," September 22, 2019
- ↑ ERIC, "Home," accessed April 4, 2023
- ↑ ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed August 7, 2023
- ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," September 22, 2022
- ↑ Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed August 15, 2023
- ↑ Ballotpedia research conducted in June 2023, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
- ↑ United States District Court for the District of Kansas, "VoteAmerica v. Schwab: Memorandum and Order," November 19, 2021
- ↑ 36.0 36.1 Kansas Legislature, "HB 2183," accessed May 9, 2021
- ↑ 37.0 37.1 Kansas Legislature, "HB 2332," accessed May 9, 2021
- ↑ Office of the Governor of Kansas, "Governor Laura Kelly Vetoes Divisive Voter Suppression Bills, Keeps Kansas Welcoming and Open for Business," April 23, 2021
- ↑ Associated Press, "Kansas governor vetoes measures to tighten election laws," April 23, 2021
- ↑ All About Redistricting, "Why does it matter?" accessed April 8, 2015
- ↑ Indy Week, "Cracked, stacked and packed: Initial redistricting maps met with skepticism and dismay," June 29, 2011
- ↑ The Atlantic, "How the Voting Rights Act Hurts Democrats and Minorities," June 17, 2013
- ↑ Redrawing the Lines, "The Role of Section 2 - Majority Minority Districts," accessed April 6, 2015
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 All About Redistricting, "Kansas," accessed April 28, 2015
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