Election administration in Georgia

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Election Information
Voter registration
Early voting
Absentee/mail-in voting
All-mail voting
Voter ID laws
State poll opening and closing times

Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker
The Ballot Bulletin

Select a state from the menu below to learn more about its election administration.

Election administration encompasses a state's voting policies and methods of enforcing them. These include voter identification requirements, early and absentee voting provisions, voter list maintenance methods, and more. Each state's voting policies dictate who can vote and under what conditions.

THE BASICS
  • Georgia permits online voter registration.
  • Georgia permits early voting and no-excuse absentee voting.
  • In Georgia, polls are open from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. Eastern Time.
  • Georgia requires photo identification to vote.
  • Georgia holds open primary elections.
  • Georgia has tools for verifying voter registration.

  • Below, you will find details on the following election administration topics in Georgia:

    Poll times

    See also: State poll opening and closing times

    In Georgia, polls are open from 7 a.m. until 7 p.m. Eastern Time. An individual who is in line at the time polls close must be allowed to vote.[2]

    Voter registration

    Check your voter registration status here.

    To vote in Georgia, one must be a citizen of the United States and a legal resident of his or her county. The voter must be at least 17.5 years of age at the time of registration and 18 at the time of the election.[3]

    Registration must be completed at least 28 days prior to the election. Registration can be completed online, in person, or by mail.[3]

    Automatic registration

    In Georgia, eligible voters are automatically registered to vote when they conduct transactions at the Department of Driver Services. This automatic registration program began in 2016.[4][5]

    Online registration

    See also: Online voter registration

    Georgia has implemented an online voter registration system. Residents can register to vote by visiting this website.

    Same-day registration

    Georgia does not allow same-day voter registration.

    Residency requirements

    To register to vote in Georgia, you must be a resident of the state. State law does not specify a length of time for which you must have been a resident to be eligible.

    Verification of citizenship

    See also: Laws permitting noncitizens to vote in the United States

    A Georgia state law, passed in 2009, required voters to provide proof of U.S. citizenship when registering to vote. However, as of March 2019, the law had not been implemented.[6][7][8]

    In 2013, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that states cannot require proof of citizenship with federal registration forms. That meant states would need to create a separate registration system for state elections in order to require proof of citizenship.[8]

    Verifying your registration

    The site My Voter Page, run by the Georgia Secretary of State's office, allows residents to check their voter registration status online.

    Early and absentee voting policy

    Early voting

    See also: Early voting

    Georgia permits early voting. Learn more by visiting this website.

    Absentee voting

    See also: Absentee voting

    All voters are eligible to vote absentee in Georgia. There are no special eligibility requirements for voting absentee. The ballot application deadline is 11 days before Election Day. A completed ballot must be received by 7 p.m. on Election Day.[9][10]

    Returning absentee ballots

    See also: Mail ballot collection and return laws by state

    An absentee ballot in Georgia must be received by the voter’s county election official by the time the polls close on Election Day in order to be counted. Ballots can be submitted by mail, in person, or by a family member or person living in the voter's household. A voted absentee ballot of a voter with a physical disability may also be returned by a caregiver.[11]

    Signature requirements and cure provisions

    Absentee ballots in Georgia include a return envelope printed with an oath that the voter must sign in order for the ballot to be counted. If the envelope is missing a signature or election officials determine that the signature on the envelope does not match the voter’s signature already on file, the ballot will be rejected. Georgia law also requires voters to provide a driver's license or state identification card number with their returned ballot.

    Georgia law includes a cure provision allowing voters to fix a problem with the signature or other information on their ballot. Georgia law requires election officials to notify a voter whose absentee ballot has been rejected. Voters have until the third day after the election to cure or fix the issues they have been notified about.[12]

    Was your absentee ballot counted?

    Voters can use the My Voter Page website provided by the Georgia Secretary of State to check the status of their absentee ballot and absentee ballot application.

    Voter identification requirements

    See also: Voter ID in Georgia
    See also: Voter identification laws by state

    Georgia requires voters to present photo identification while voting in person or by mail/absentee.[13]

    The following list of accepted ID was current as of April 2023. Click here for the Georgia Secretary of State's page on accepted ID to ensure you have the most current information.

    • Any valid state or federal government-issued photo ID, including a free ID card issued by your county registrar's office or the Georgia Department of Driver Services.
    • A Georgia driver's license, even if expired
    • Student ID from a Georgia public College or University[14]
    • Valid employee photo ID from any branch, department, agency, or entity of the U.S. Government, Georgia, or any county, municipality, board, authority or other entity of this state
    • Valid U.S. passport ID
    • Valid U.S. military photo ID containing a photograph of the voter
    • Valid tribal photo ID containing a photograph of the voter

    [13][15]

    Voters can obtain a free voter ID card from any county registrar's office or Department of Driver Services Office. Click here for more information on obtaining a free voter ID card in Georgia.

    Background

    As of August 2023, 34 states required voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Of these states, 23 required voters to present identification containing a photograph, and 11 accepted other forms of identification. The remaining 16 states did not require voters to present identification in order to vote at the polls on Election Day. Valid forms of identification differ by state. Commonly accepted forms include driver's licenses, state-issued identification cards, and military identification cards.[16][17]

    Provisional balloting for voters without ID

    Voters who do not have ID while voting may cast provisional ballots. See below for provisional ballot rules.


    Provisional ballot rules

    Voters in Georgia are given provisional ballots, or ballots requiring additional steps or information before they can be counted, under the following circumstances.[18]

    1) If the voter does not have the proper identification, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.

    • The voter has three days from the close of the polls to present acceptable identification to the county registrar office for the vote to count.

    2) If the voter registered to vote by mail and did not provide any identification at the time and is unable to do so the first time the voter votes in person, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.

    3) If the voter’s name does not appear on the list of registered voters in the precinct, the voter has the right to cast a provisional ballot.

    4) If "the polling place is kept open after 7:00 p.m. because of a court order, anyone arriving after 7:00 p.m. will vote by provisional ballot."[18]

    • This only applies to federal elections.

    A provisional ballot is accepted in the following circumstances:[18]

    • If the voter provided proper identification three days after the close of the polls to the county registrar office, the vote will count.
    • If a provisional ballot is cast because the voter’s "name did not appear on the list of registered voters in the precinct, the county registrar has up to three days after the election to determine if you were properly registered to vote in that election." If the voter is properly registered, the vote will count.[18]
    • If the voter voted in the wrong precinct, "only the votes for candidates for which you were entitled to vote will be counted, and you will be notified in writing that your ballot was partially counted for your correct precinct."[18]

    A provisional ballot is rejected in the following circumstances:[19]

    • If the voter is not registered to vote;
    • If the voter is ineligible to vote for some reason; and
    • If the registrar is "unable to determine within three days following the election whether the voter was registered or eligible to vote."[19]

    Local election officials


    U.S. Vote Foundation Logo.jpeg

    Do you need information about elections in your area? Are you looking for your local election official? Click here to visit the U.S. Vote Foundation and use their election official lookup tool.


    Primary election type

    See also: Primary elections in Georgia

    A primary election is an election in which registered voters select a candidate that they believe should be a political party's candidate for elected office to run in the general election. They are also used to choose convention delegates and party leaders. Primaries are state-level and local-level elections that take place prior to a general election. Georgia utilizes an open primary system, in which registered voters do not have to be members of a party to vote in that party's primary.[20][21][22][23]

    For information about which offices are nominated via primary election, see this article.

    Time off work for voting

    In Georgia, employers must grant employees two hours of unpaid leave at the beginning or end of working hours for voting, provided they have been notified by employees. State law says the following:

    Each employee in this state shall, upon reasonable notice to his or her employer, be permitted by his or her employer to take any necessary time off from his or her employment to vote in any municipal, county, state, or federal political party primary or election for which such employee is qualified and registered to vote on the day on which such primary or election is held; provided, however, that such necessary time off shall not exceed two hours; and provided, further, that, if the hours of work of such employee commence at least two hours after the opening of the polls or end at least two hours prior to the closing of the polls, then the time off for voting as provided for in this Code section shall not be available. The employer may specify the hours during which the employee may absent himself or herself as provided in this Code section.[24][15]

    As of 2020, 28 states had laws requiring employers to provide time off for voting under certain conditions.

    Voting rules for people convicted of a felony

    See also: Voting rights for convicted felons

    In Georgia, people convicted of a felony are unable to vote until the completion of their sentence, including prison, probation and parole. Voting rights are automatically restored once the sentence is completed.[25]

    Voting rights for people convicted of a felony vary from state to state. In the majority of states, people convicted of a felony cannot vote while they are incarcerated but may regain the right to vote upon release from prison or at some point thereafter.[26]

    Voter list maintenance

    All states have rules under which they maintain voter rolls—or, check and remove certain names from their lists of registered voters. Most states are subject to the parameters set by The National Voter Registration Act (NVRA).[27] The NVRA requires states to make efforts to remove deceased individuals and individuals who have become ineligible due to a change of address. It prohibits removing registrants from voter lists within 90 days of a federal election due to change of address unless a registrant has requested to be removed, or from removing people from voter lists solely because they have not voted. The NVRA says that states may remove names from their registration lists under certain other circumstances and that their methods for removing names must be uniform and nondiscriminatory.[28]

    When names can be removed from the voter list

    Georgia law authorizes local election officials to remove the names of voters from the registered voting list if an individual:[29]

    • Is determined to be mentally incompetent,
    • Confirms in writing that they moved outside of their voting jurisdiction,
    • Dies,
    • Is convicted of a felony, or
    • Remains on the inactive voter registration list through two general elections.

    Inactive voter list rules

    Voters who the Georgia Secretary of State’s office determines to have moved by using National Change of Address data are sent address confirmation notices. If the voter does not respond to the notice, the secretary of state’s office is to place them on an inactive voter registration list.[29]

    In odd-numbered years, state law requires the secretary of state’s office to identify all voters with whom there has been "no contact" within the past five preceding calendar years. State law defines "no contact" to mean "that the elector has not filed an updated voter registration card, has not filed a change of name or address, has not signed a petition which is required by law to be verified by the election superintendent of a county or municipality or the Secretary of State, has not signed a voter's certificate, has not submitted an absentee ballot application or voted an absentee ballot, and has not confirmed the elector's continuation at the same address during the preceding five calendar years." These voters are to be sent confirmation of address notices. If the notice is not returned, the voter is placed on an inactive voter registration list.[30]

    Inactive voters are not included in calculations for election administration procedures. Inactive voters are eligible to vote under Georgia law but must verify their address at their polling place. If a voter remains in inactive status through two general elections, their registration is to be canceled.[31]

    The Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)

    See also: Electronic Registration Information Center (ERIC)

    According to its website, ERIC is a nonprofit corporation that is governed by a board of member-states. These member states submit voter registration and motor vehicle registration information to ERIC. ERIC uses this information, as well as Social Security death records, to provide member states with detailed reports showing voters who have moved within their state, moved out of their state, died, have duplicate registrations in their state, or are potentially eligible to vote but are not yet registered. ERIC's website describes its funding as follows: "Each state pays annual dues, which are determined by a formula approved by the ERIC membership. The formula includes a state's citizen voting age population as a factor."[32]

    By 2022, 33 states and the District of Columbia had joined ERIC. As of August 2023, 26 states and the District of Columbia were members in the ERIC program.[33]

    As of August 2023, Georgia was participating in the ERIC program.

    Post-election auditing

    Georgia state law requires post-election audits. Local election superintendents conduct a manual inspection of randomly selected paper ballots. The audit must be completed before certification of the election.[34]

    Post-election audits check that election results tallied by a state's voting system match results from paper records, such as paper ballots filled out by voters or the paper records produced by electronic voting machines. Post-election audits are classified into two categories: audits of election results—which include traditional post-election audits as well as risk-limiting audits—and procedural audits.[26][35]

    Typically, traditional post-election audits are done by recounting a portion of ballots, either electronically or by hand, and comparing the results to those produced by the state's voting system. In contrast, risk-limiting audits use statistical methods to compare a random sample of votes cast to election results instead of reviewing every ballot. The scope of procedural audits varies by state, but they typically include a systematic review of voting equipment, performance of the voting system, vote totals, duties of election officials and workers, ballot chain of custody, and more.

    As of December 2023, 41 states and the District of Columbia required some form of post-election audit. Of these, 36 states and the District of Columbia required traditional post-election audits, three states required risk-limiting post-election audits, and two states required procedural post-election audits.[36]



    Noteworthy events

    Federal appeals court ruling on postage for absentee/mail-in ballots (2021)

    On August 27, 2021, a three-judge panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit unanimously affirmed a lower court's decision finding that a Georgia law requiring voters to pay the price of postage for returning absentee/mail-in ballots does not constitute an illegal poll tax. The plaintiffs had argued that requiring absentee/mail-in voters to pay the price of postage amounted to levying a poll tax, violating the Fourteenth and Twenty-Fourth Amendments to the United States Constitution. The defendants (state and local election officials) moved to dismiss. A U.S. District Court granted the motion to dismiss, citing "[t]he fact that any registered voter may vote in Georgia on election day without purchasing a stamp, and without undertaking any 'extra steps' besides showing up at the voting precinct and complying with generally applicable election regulations." The plaintiffs then appealed to the Eleventh Circuit.[37]

    The Eleventh Circuit panel—comprising Judges Elizabeth Branch (a Donald Trump (R) appointee), Britt Grant (another Trump appointee), and Edward Carnes (a George H.W. Bush (R) appointee)—unanimously affirmed the lower court's ruling. Branch, writing for the court, said, "While voting often involves incidental costs like transportation, parking, child care, taking time off work, and—for those who choose to vote absentee by mail—the cost of a postage stamp, those incidental costs do not mean that Georgia has imposed an unconstitutional poll tax or fee on its voters."[37]

    In response to the ruling, Sean Young, legal director for the Georgia affiliate of the American Civil Liberties Union (which was involved in the suit on behalf of the plaintiffs), said, "We are disappointed in the outcome. The ACLU of Georgia will continue to protect the sacred fundamental right to vote." Regarding the possibility of an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States, Young said, "All legal options remain on the table."[38]

    Election administration procedures changed (2021)

    On March 25, 2021, Georgia Governor Brian Kemp (R) signed SB202 into law, enacting a series of changes to the state's election administration procedures, including (but not limited to) the following:[10]

    • Absentee/mail-in voting:
      • Absentee/mail-in ballots verified on the basis of driver's license numbers instead of voter signatures (the last four digits of a Social Security number, and a date of birth, permissible in lieu of a driver's license number).
      • Ballot drop boxes made available only inside early voting locations during business hours.
      • Ballot application deadline fixed at 11 days before Election Day.
    • Early voting:
      • For general elections, counties required to offer early voting on two Saturdays; counties authorized, but not required, to offer early voting on two Sundays.
      • For runoff elections, early voting period limited to a minimum of one week.
    • Other election administration matters:
      • State Election Board authorized to remove county election boards and replace them with interim election managers.
      • Counties required to certify election results within six days instead of 10.
      • Prohibited the use of "photographic or other electronic monitoring or recording devices ... to photograph or record a voted ballot."

    The full text of the enacted bill can be accessed here.

    In its original form, SB202 would have barred persons and entities from sending unsolicited absentee/mail-in ballot applications to voters who had already requested, been issued, or voted an absentee/mail-in ballot. On March 25, 2021, the Georgia House of Representatives approved an amended version of the bill (which included the aforementioned changes) by a vote of 74. Later that day, the Georgia State Senate concurred in the House amendments by a vote of 34-20. Both the House and Senate votes split along party lines, with Republicans voting in favor of the bill and Democrats voting against it.[10][39]

    Upon signing the bill into law, Kemp said, "After the November election last year, I knew like so many of you that significant reforms to our state elections were needed. When voting in person in the state of Georgia, you must have a photo ID. It only makes sense for the same standard to apply to absentee ballots as well."[40]

    Election policy ballot measures

    See also: Elections and campaigns on the ballot and List of Georgia ballot measures

    Ballotpedia has tracked the following ballot measures relating to election and campaign policy in Georgia.

    1. Georgia Poll Tax, Amendment 2 (1932)
    2. Georgia Gubernatorial Elections, Amendment 2 (June 1941)
    3. Georgia Elections of Officials, Amendment 2 (1950)
    4. Georgia Baldwin County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 5 (1950)
    5. Georgia Dawson County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 14 (1950)
    6. Georgia Hancock County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 31 (1950)
    7. Georgia Meriwether County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 32 (1950)
    8. Georgia Rockdale County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 35 (1950)
    9. Georgia Schley County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 36 (1950)
    10. Georgia Taylor County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 37 (1950)
    11. Georgia Elections of Officials, Amendment 1 (1952)
    12. Georgia Union County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 12 (1952)
    13. Georgia Troup County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 13 (1952)
    14. Georgia Fannin County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 28 (1952)
    15. Georgia Wilcox County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 29 (1952)
    16. Georgia Brantley County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 33 (1952)
    17. Georgia Carroll County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 34 (1952)
    18. Georgia Appling County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 35 (1952)
    19. Georgia Floyd County Board of Education Elections, Amendment 42 (1952)
    20. Georgia Rockdale County School Superintendent, Amendment 44 (1952)
    21. Georgia State Senate Elections, Amendment 1A (1962)
    22. Georgia Qualifications of Write-in Candidates, Amendment 10 (1962)
    23. Georgia Notice of Write-in Candidates, Amendment 5 (1966)
    24. Georgia Voting Requirements, Amendment 8 (1966)
    25. Georgia Election of Judges, Amendment 18 (1966)
    26. Georgia Election of Solicitors General, Amendment 19 (1966)
    27. Georgia Gubernatorial Runoff Elections, Amendment 2 (1968)
    28. Georgia State Executive Official Elections, Amendment 5 (1968)
    29. Georgia General Assembly Elections, Amendment 12 (1968)
    30. Georgia Voting Requirements, Amendment 24 (1972)
    31. Georgia Revenue Certificate Elections, Amendment 7 (1974)
    32. Georgia Revenue Certificate Elections, Amendment 14 (1976)
    33. Georgia Elective Franchise, Amendment 1 (1978)
    34. Georgia Notice for Write-in Candidates, Amendment 24 (1978)
    35. Georgia Elected Official Vacancies, Amendment 6 (1984)
    36. Georgia Boards of Education Elections, Amendment 2 (1992)
    37. Georgia Repeal of Local Amendments, Amendment 8 (1992)
    38. Georgia Default on Taxes and Public Office, Amendment 1 (2002)
    39. Georgia Age Requirements for Voting, Amendment 6 (1943)

    Recent legislation related to election administration in Georgia

    The table below lists bills related to election administration that have been introduced during (or carried over to) the current legislative session in Georgia. The following information is included for each bill:

    • State
    • Bill number
    • Official name or caption
    • Most recent action date
    • Legislative status
    • Topics dealt with by the bill

    Bills are organized alphabetically, first by state and then by bill number. The table displays up to 100 results by default. To view additional results, use the arrows in the upper-right corner of the table. For more information about a particular bill, click the bill number. This will open a separate page with additional information.

    Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker

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    The Ballot Bulletin

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    The Ballot Bulletin is a weekly email that delivers the latest updates on election policy. The Ballot Bulletin tracks developments in election policy around the country, including legislative activity, big-picture trends, and recent news. Each email contains in-depth data from our Election Administration Legislation Tracker. You'll also be able to track relevant legislation, with links to and summaries of the bills themselves.

    Click here to view recent issues and subscribe.


    Ballot access

    See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Georgia
    A cardboard ballot box at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History

    In order to get on the ballot in Georgia, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.

    There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.

    1. An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
    2. An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
    3. An individual can run as a write-in candidate.

    This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Georgia. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, see "Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Georgia." Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).

    Redistricting

    See also: Redistricting in Georgia
    "Gerrymandering"

    Redistricting is the process by which new congressional and state legislative district boundaries are drawn. Each of Georgia's 14 United States Representatives and 236 state legislators are elected from political divisions called districts. United States Senators are not elected by districts, but by the states at large. District lines are redrawn every 10 years following completion of the United States census. The federal government stipulates that districts must have nearly equal populations and must not discriminate on the basis of race or ethnicity.[41][42][43][44]

    Georgia was apportioned 14 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives after the 2020 census, the same number it received after the 2010 census. Click here for more information about redistricting in Georgia after the 2020 census.

    HIGHLIGHTS
  • Following the 2020 United States Census, Georgia was apportioned 14 congressional districts, which was unchanged from the number it had after the 2010 census.
  • Georgia's House of Representatives is made up of 180 districts; Georgia's State Senate is made up of 56 districts.
  • In Georgia, both congressional and state legislative district lines are drawn by the state legislature.
  • State process

    See also: State-by-state redistricting procedures

    In Georgia, both congressional and state legislative district lines are drawn by the state legislature. A simple majority in each chamber is required to approve redistricting plans, which are subject to veto by the governor.[45]

    The Georgia Constitution requires that state legislative districts be contiguous. There are no similar requirements for congressional districts.[45][46]


    Election administration agencies

    Election agencies

    Seal of the U.S. Election Assistance Commission
    See also: State election agencies

    Individuals seeking additional information about voting provisions in Georgia can contact the following local, state, and federal agencies.

    Georgia County Election Offices

    Click here for a list

    Georgia Secretary of State Elections Division

    214 State Capitol
    Atlanta, Georgia 30334
    Telephone: 404-656-2871
    Fax: 404-651-9531
    http://sos.georgia.gov/elections

    U.S. Election Assistance Commission

    633 3rd Street NW, Suite 200
    Washington, DC 20001
    Telephone: 301-563-3919
    Toll free: 1-866-747-1471


    Ballotpedia's election coverage

    Click the tiles below to navigate to 2023 election coverage, or use the map below:


    See also

    Elections in Georgia


    External links

    Footnotes

    1. We use the term "absentee/mail-in voting" to describe systems in which requests or applications are required. We use the term "all-mail voting" to denote systems where the ballots themselves are sent automatically to all voters. We use the hyphenate term for absentee voting because some states use “mail voting” (or a similar alternative) to describe what has traditionally been called "absentee voting."
    2. State of Georgia, "Vote in Person on Election Day," accessed April 12, 2023
    3. 3.0 3.1 Georgia Secretary of State, "How-to-Guide: Registering to Vote," accessed April 12, 2023
    4. Georgia Secretary of State, "Georgia Automatic Voter Registration Surges After Web Fix," May 24, 2022
    5. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, "Automatic registration leads to surge of new Georgia voters," April 29, 2019
    6. Justia U.S. Law, "Georgia Code, Section 21-2-216," accessed October 6, 2019
    7. AP News, "Kansas hopes to resurrect proof-of-citizenship voting law," accessed October 6, 2019
    8. 8.0 8.1 Pew Trusts, "'Proof of Citizenship' Voting Laws May Surge Under Trump," November 16, 2017
    9. Georgia Secretary of State, "Voting Information," accessed December 18, 2013
    10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Georgia General Assembly, "SB 202," accessed March 26, 2021
    11. Justia, "2022 Georgia Code, Title 21 - Elections Chapter 2 - Elections and Primaries Generally Article 10 - Absentee Voting § 21-2-385. Procedure for Voting by Absentee Ballot; Advance Voting" accessed January 2, 2024
    12. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named gaabs
    13. 13.0 13.1 Georgia Secretary of State, "Georgia Voter Identification Requirements," accessed April 23, 2023
    14. This includes colleges, universities, and technical colleges.
    15. 15.0 15.1 Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
    16. National Conference of State Legislatures, "Voter Identification Requirements|Voter ID Laws," March 9, 2023
    17. The Washington Post, "Do I need an ID to vote? A look at the laws in all 50 states," October 27, 2014
    18. 18.0 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 Georgia Secretary of State, "Georgia Voter Information Guide," accessed April 12, 2023
    19. 19.0 19.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Provisional Ballots," accessed November 4, 2022
    20. National Conference of State Legislatures, "State Primary Election Types," accessed October 25, 2019
    21. FairVote, "Primaries," accessed October 25, 2019
    22. Ballotpedia research conducted December 26, 2013, through January 3, 2014, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
    23. Paulding County Georgia, "Early Voting (Election Office ONLY) for the Presidential Preference Primary/Special Election," accessed October 25, 2019
    24. Justia, "GA Code § 21-2-404 (2021)," accessed April 12, 2023
    25. National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," April 6, 2023
    26. 26.0 26.1 National Conference of State Legislatures, "Felon Voting Rights," April 6, 2023 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "ncsl" defined multiple times with different content
    27. The Justice Department notes, "Six States (Idaho, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming) are exempt from the NVRA because, on and after August 1, 1994, they either had no voter-registration requirements or had election-day voter registration at polling places with respect to elections for federal office."
    28. The United States Department of Justice, "The National Voter Registration Act of 1993," accessed Aprl 4, 2023
    29. 29.0 29.1 Official Code of Georgia, "21.2.231, 232, and 235," accessed July 26, 2023
    30. Official Code of Georgia, "21.2.234," accessed April 12, 2023
    31. Official Code of Georgia, "21.2.235," accessed April 12, 2023
    32. ERIC, "Home," accessed April 4, 2023
    33. ERIC, "Who We Are," accessed August 7, 2023
    34. National Conference of State Legislatures, "Post-Election Audits," accessed October 15, 2019
    35. Election Assistance Commission, "Election Audits Across the United States," accessed August 15, 2023
    36. Ballotpedia research conducted in June 2023, researching and analyzing various state websites and codes.
    37. 37.0 37.1 United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, "Black Voters Matter Fund v. Raffensperger: Opinion," August 27, 2021
    38. The Seattle Times, "Appeals court: Postage for absentee ballots isn’t a poll tax," August 27, 2021
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