Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Texas

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Note: This article is not intended to serve as an exhaustive guide to running for public office. Individuals should contact their state election agencies for further information.

In order to get on the ballot in Texas, a candidate for state or federal office must meet a variety of state-specific filing requirements and deadlines. These regulations, known as ballot access laws, determine whether a candidate or party will appear on an election ballot. These laws are set at the state level. A candidate must prepare to meet ballot access requirements well in advance of primaries, caucuses, and the general election.

There are three basic methods by which an individual may become a candidate for office in a state.

  1. An individual can seek the nomination of a state-recognized political party.
  2. An individual can run as an independent. Independent candidates often must petition in order to have their names printed on the general election ballot.
  3. An individual can run as a write-in candidate.

This article outlines the steps that prospective candidates for state-level and congressional office must take in order to run for office in Texas. For information about filing requirements for presidential candidates, see "Ballot access requirements for presidential candidates in Texas." Information about filing requirements for local-level offices is not available in this article (contact state election agencies for information about local candidate filing processes).

DocumentIcon.jpg See state election laws

Year-specific filing information

2024

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2024 U.S. Congress elections

U.S. Senate

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Texas in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2024
State Office Party Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
Texas U.S. Senate Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $5,000.00 Fixed number 12/11/2023 Source
Texas U.S. Senate Unaffiliated 83,717 1% of all votes cast for governor in the last election N/A N/A 12/11/2023 Source

U.S. House

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Texas in the 2024 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2024
State Office Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source
Texas U.S. House Democratic or Republican 2% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less $3,125.00 12/11/2023 Source
Texas U.S. House Unaffiliated 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less N/A 12/11/2023 Source


For filing information from previous years, click "[Show more]" below.

Show more

2022

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2022 U.S. Congress elections

U.S. House

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Texas in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2022
State Office Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source
Texas U.S. House Democratic or Republican 2% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less $3,125.00 12/13/2021 Source
Texas U.S. House Unaffiliated 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election, or 500, whichever is less N/A 6/23/2022 Source

Governor

The table below details filing requirements for gubernatorial candidates in Texas in the 2022 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for gubernatorial candidates, 2022
State Office Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source Notes
Texas Governor Ballot-qualified party 5,000 $3,750.00 12/13/2021 Source Petition signatures only required in lieu of filing fee.
Texas Governor Unaffiliated 83,434 N/A 6/23/2022 Source Signature formula: 1% of all votes cast for governor in 2018.

2020

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2020 U.S. Congress elections

U.S. Senate

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates in Texas in the 2020 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. Senate candidates, 2020
State Office Party Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
Texas U.S. Senate Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $5,000.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas U.S. Senate Unaffiliated 83,717 1% of all votes cast for governor in the last election N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source

U.S. House

The table below details filing requirements for U.S. House candidates in Texas in the 2020 election cycle. For additional information on candidate ballot access requirements in Texas, click here.

Filing requirements for U.S. House candidates, 2020
State Office Party Signatures required Signature formula Filing fee Filing fee formula Filing deadline Source
Texas 10th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 11th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 12th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 13th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 14th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 15th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 16h Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 17th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 18th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 19th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 1st Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 20th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 21st Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 22nd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 23rd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 24th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 25th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 26th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 27th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 28th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 29th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 2nd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 30th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 31st Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 32nd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 33rd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 34th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 35th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 36th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 3rd Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 4th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 5th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 6th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 7th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 8th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 9th Congressional District Democratic or Republican N/A N/A $3,125.00 Fixed number 12/9/2019 Source
Texas 10th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 11th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 12th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 13th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 14th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 15th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 16h Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 17th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 18th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 19th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 1st Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 20th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 21st Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 22nd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 23rd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 24th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 25th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 26th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 27th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 28th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 29th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 2nd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 30th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 31st Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 32nd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 33rd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 34th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 35th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 36th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 3rd Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 4th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 5th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 6th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 7th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 8th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source
Texas 9th Congressional District Unaffiliated 500 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election; not to exceed 500 N/A N/A 12/9/2019 (declaration of intent); 8/13/2020 (final filing deadline) Source

State House

The table below details filing requirements for Texas House of Representatives candidates in the 2020 election cycle.

Filing requirements for state legislative candidates, 2020
Chamber name Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source
Texas House of Representatives Qualified party N/A $750.00 12/9/2019 Source
Texas House of Representatives Unaffiliated 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election N/A 8/13/2020 Source

State Senate

The table below details filing requirements for Texas State Senate candidates in the 2020 election cycle.

Filing requirements for state legislative candidates, 2020
Chamber name Party Signatures required Filing fee Filing deadline Source
Texas State Senate Qualified party N/A $1,250.00 12/9/2019 Source
Texas State Senate Unaffiliated 5% of all votes cast for governor in the district in the last election N/A 8/13/2020 Source

2018

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2018 U.S. Congress elections and Texas elections, 2018

See below for 2018 candidate filing deadlines.

December 11, 2017

2016

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2016 U.S. Congress elections and Texas elections, 2016

The calendar below lists important dates for political candidates in Texas in 2016.

Dates and requirements for candidates in 2016
Deadline Event type Event description
September 15, 2015 Ballot access First day to file for a place on the primary ballot for precinct chair candidates
November 14, 2015 Ballot access First day to file for all other candidates for offices that are regularly scheduled to be on the primary ballot
December 14, 2015 Ballot access Filing deadline for candidates; filing deadline for independent candidates to file intent declaration
January 15, 2016 Campaign finance January semi-annual report due
February 1, 2016 Campaign finance 30th-day pre-primary report due
February 12, 2016 Campaign finance Personal financial statement due
February 22, 2016 Campaign finance 8th-day pre-primary report due
March 1, 2016 Election date Primary election
May 16, 2016 Campaign finance 8th-day pre-runoff report due
July 15, 2016 Campaign finance July semi-annual report due
October 11, 2016 Campaign finance 30th-day pre-election report due
October 31, 2016 Campaign finance 8th-day pre-election report due
November 8, 2016 Election date General election
January 17, 2017 Campaign finance January semi-annual report due
Sources: Texas Secretary of State, "Important 2016 Election Dates," accessed July 17, 2016
Texas Ethics Commission, "2016 Filing Schedule for Candidates and Officeholders Who File with the Texas Ethics Commission," accessed November 25, 2015

2015


2014

See also: Signature requirements and deadlines for 2014 U.S. Congress elections

Process to become a candidate

DocumentIcon.jpg See statutes: Title 9 of the Texas Election Code

A candidate in Texas may run with an officially recognized political party, as an independent, or as a write-in.

General election candidate application form, 2013

For major party candidates

In order to run with a major political party, a candidate must file an application with the county or state party chair and pay a filing fee. A candidate also has the option of filing a petition in lieu of the filing fee. Application and petition forms are available through local party officials or the Texas Secretary of State. The regular filing period for the primary election begins on the 30th day before the date of the regular filing deadline, which is 6 p.m. on the second Monday in December of an odd-numbered year.[6]

A chart detailing the signature and filing requirements for each particular office can be accessed here.[7]

For minor party candidates

State-qualified minor parties nominate candidates by convention. To be considered for nomination by a convention, a minor party candidate must file an application for nomination no later than 6 p.m. on the second Monday in December of an odd-numbered year, preceding the minor party’s convention. A candidate seeking nomination for a state or district office must file with the state party chair. Candidates for county or precinct offices must file applications with county party chairs. Effective September 1, 2021, a candidate nominated via convention must either pay a filing fee (equal to the filing fee paid by major party candidates in primary elections) or submit a petition a petition in lieu of paying the filing fee.[8][9]

For independent candidates

A candidate may have his or her name placed on the general election ballot as an independent candidate if he or she is not affiliated with a political party.[10][2][11][12][13]

To run as an independent, a candidate must file a declaration of intent with the county judge (county or precinct offices) or the Texas Secretary of State (district and state offices) during the same filing period as major and minor party candidates.[2][14]

This paperwork must include signatures of voters who have not participated in the primary election or the runoff primary election of a party that has nominated, at either election, a candidate for the office the petitioning candidate seeks.[2][15]

A chart detailing the signature and filing requirements for each particular office can be accessed here.[2]

For write-in candidates

In order to become a write-in candidate in the general election, the candidate must file a declaration of candidacy with the Texas Secretary of State or the county judge, as appropriate, no later than 5 p.m. of the 78th day before general election day.[16][17]

The declaration must be accompanied by either a filing fee or a nominating petition signed by a certain number of qualified voters. A chart detailing the signature and filing requirements for each particular office can be accessed here.[16][18]

Petition requirements

See also: Methods for signing candidate nominating petitions

In some cases, candidates may need to obtain signatures via the petition process to gain access to the ballot. This section outlines the laws and regulations pertaining to petitions and circulators.

Format requirements

General petition requirements are established in Title 9, Chapter 141, Subchapter (C) of the Texas Election Code.

Circulation requirements

A person circulating a petition must do the following:

  1. before permitting a person to sign, point out and read to the person each statement pertaining to the signer that appears on the petition
  2. witness each signature
  3. ascertain that each date of signing is correct
  4. before the petition is filed, verify each signer's registration status and ascertain that each registration number entered on the petition is correct[19]

Petitions are also required to include an affidavit of the person who circulated it, stating that the circulator did the following:

  1. pointed out and read to the person each statement pertaining to the signer that appears on the petition, before permitting a person to sign
  2. witnessed each signature
  3. verified each signer's registration status
  4. believes each signature to be genuine and the corresponding information to be correct[20]

The relevant statutes do not stipulate a date on which petitions may begin to circulate.

Election-related agencies

See also: State election agencies

Texas Secretary of State

208 East 10th Street
Rusk Building, Third Floor
Austin, Texas 78701-2407
Toll-free: 1-800-252-VOTE (8683)
Phone: 512-463-5650
Fax: 512-475-2811
Email: elections@sos.state.tx.us
Main website: http://www.sos.state.tx.us/elections/index.shtml
Complaint website: http://www.sos.ga.gov/cgi-bin/emailelectionscomplaint.asp
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Term limits

State executives

State Executive Officials
See also: State executives with term limits and States with gubernatorial term limits

There are no state executive positions subject to term limits in Texas.

State legislators

See also: State legislatures with term limits

There are no term limits placed on Texas state legislators.

Congressional partisanship

Portal:Legislative Branch
See also: List of United States Representatives from Texas and List of United States Senators from Texas

Below is the current partisan breakdown of the congressional delegation from Texas.

Congressional Partisan Breakdown from Texas
Party U.S. Senate U.S. House Total
Democratic 0 13 13
Republican 2 25 27
Independent 0 0 0
Vacancies 0 0 0
Total 2 38 40

State legislative partisanship

Portal:State legislatures

Below is the current partisan breakdown of the state legislature of Texas.

Texas State Senate

Party As of January 2024
     Democratic Party 11
     Republican Party 19
     Other 0
     Vacancies 1
Total 31

Texas House of Representatives

Party As of January 2024
     Democratic Party 64
     Republican Party 85
     Other 0
     Vacancies 1
Total 150

Related legislation

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The embedded table below lists state bills affecting ballot access requirements for candidates introduced in Texas. The following information is included for each bill:

  • State
  • Bill number
  • Official name or caption
  • Most recent action date
  • Legislative status
  • Topics dealt with by the bill

Bills are organized alphabetically, first by state and then by bill number. To view additional results, use the arrows in the upper-right corner of the table. For more information about a particular bill, simply click the bill number. This will open a separate page with additional information.

Ballotpedia’s comprehensive Ballotpedia's Election Administration Legislation Tracker is the basis for this data. This user-friendly tracker covers thousands of election-related bills in state legislatures, and organizes them by topic with neutral, expert analysis from Ballotpedia’s election administration researchers.

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See also

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External links

Official state and federal links

Other information

Footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Texas Secretary of State Office, "2014 Minor Party Candidate Information," accessed November 6, 2013
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Texas Secretary of State Office, "Independent Candidates," accessed November 6, 2013 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "txindependent" defined multiple times with different content
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 The Texas Tribune, "Some CD-36 Candidates Saw Stockman Switch Coming," accessed December 12, 2013
  4. ↑ Texas Republican Party, "Republican Party of Texas Announces Extended Filing Period for Congressional District 36," accessed December 12, 2013
  5. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 172.054," accessed December 12, 2013
  6. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 172.023," accessed December 23, 2013
  7. ↑ Texas Elections Division, "Republican or Democratic Party Nominees," accessed October 19, 2017
  8. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 181.033," accessed December 23, 2013
  9. ↑ Texas Legislature, "SB 2093," accessed June 8, 2021
  10. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 1.005(9)," accessed December 23, 2013
  11. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 142.008," accessed December 23, 2013
  12. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 162.003," accessed December 23, 2013
  13. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 162.007," accessed December 23, 2013
  14. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 142.002(b)(2)," accessed December 23, 2013
  15. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 142.009," accessed December 23, 2013
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Texas Elections Division, "Write-In Candidates," accessed November 1, 2013
  17. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 146.025," accessed December 23, 2013
  18. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Section 146.023-146.0232," accessed December 23, 2013
  19. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Title 9, Section 141.064," accessed December 31, 2013
  20. ↑ Texas Election Code, "Title 9, Section 141.065," accessed December 31, 2013
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