2024 polls →
In 2023, 41 statewide ballot measures were certified for the ballot in eight states—Colorado, Louisiana, Maine, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wisconsin. That's the highest number of state ballot measures for an odd-numbered year since 2007.
- Between March and August 2023, voters in three states decided on five ballot measures. Voters approved three and rejected two of these measures.
- On October 14, voters in Louisiana approved four constitutional amendments, including Amendment 1, which addressed private financing of election administration, and Amendment 2, which provided state constitutional rights regarding places of worship.
- On November 7, voters in five states decided on 28 ballot measures, including six citizen-initiated ballot measures (two in Ohio, and four in Maine). Voters approved 23 and rejected five ballot measures on November 7.
- On November 18, the last statewide ballot measure election of 2023, voters in Louisiana decided on an additional four constitutional amendments. Voters approved three and rejected one constitutional amendment.
This page aggregates the polls released for statewide ballot measures that were on the ballot in 2023. You can share ballot measure polls with Ballotpedia at editor@ballotpedia.org.
Click the tabs below to see available polls for statewide ballot measures in each state.
Colorado
- See also: Colorado 2023 ballot measures
Colorado Proposition HH, Property Tax Changes and Revenue Change Measure (2023) Defeated
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Colorado Proposition HH, Property Tax Changes and Revenue Change Measure (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| The Detroit News |
06/21/2022-07/07/2023 |
662 LV |
± 3.81% |
54% |
34% |
12% |
| Question: "Following is the ballot language for Proposition HH. After reading it, please indicate if you would vote yes and approve it or vote no and reject it.
SHALL THE STATE REDUCE PROPERTY TAXES FOR HOMES AND BUSINESSES, INCLUDING EXPANDING PROPERTY TAX RELIEF FOR SENIORS, AND BACKFILL COUNTIES, WATER DISTRICTS, FIRE DISTRICTS, AMBULANCE AND HOSPITAL DISTRICTS, AND OTHER LOCAL GOVERNMENTS AND FUND SCHOOL DISTRICTS BY USING A PORTION OF THE STATE SURPLUS UP TO THE PROPOSITION HH CAP AS DEFINED IN THIS MEASURE?
If an election were being held today, would you vote yes and approve, or vote no and reject Proposition HH?" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Louisiana
- See also: Louisiana 2023 ballot measures
Ballotpedia does not have data on polls for certified ballot measures in this state. If you know of polls that should be posted here, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
Maine
- See also: Maine 2023 ballot measures
Maine Question 2, Prohibit Foreign Spending in Elections Initiative (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 2, Prohibit Foreign Spending in Elections Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
75% |
8% |
17% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Question 2: An Act to Prohibit Campaign Spending by Foreign Governments and Promote an Anticorruption Amendment to the United States Constitution" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 4, "Right to Repair Law" Vehicle Data Access Requirement Initiative (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 4, "Right to Repair Law" Vehicle Data Access Requirement Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
76% |
5% |
20% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Question 4: An Act Regarding Automotive Right to Repair" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 1, Voter Approval of Borrowing Above $1 Billion by State Entities and Electric Cooperatives Initiative (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 1, Voter Approval of Borrowing Above $1 Billion by State Entities and Electric Cooperatives Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
59% |
16% |
25% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Question 1: An Act to Require Voter Approval of Certain Borrowing by Government controlled Entities and Utilities and to Provide Voters More Information Regarding That Borrowing" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 3, Pine Tree Power Company Initiative (2023) Defeated
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 3, Pine Tree Power Company Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
31% |
56% |
13% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions An Act to Create the Pine Tree Power Company ,a Nonprofit, Customer-owned Utility" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 6, Require Indian Treaty Obligations and Other Constitutional Provisions Included in Official Printing Amendment (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 6, Require Indian Treaty Obligations and Other Constitutional Provisions Included in Official Printing Amendment (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
46% |
12% |
42% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Question 6: Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of Maine to Require All Provisions in the Constitution to Be Included in the Official Printing?" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 7, Remove Residency Requirement for Initiative Petition Circulators Amendment (2023) Defeated
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 7, Remove Residency Requirement for Initiative Petition Circulators Amendment (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
31% |
17% |
52% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions? Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of Maine to Align the Proceedings for Circulating Written Petitions for People's Vetoes and Direct Initiatives with Federal Law" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 5, Change Time Period of Judicial Review of Initiative Petitions Amendment (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 5, Change Time Period of Judicial Review of Initiative Petitions Amendment (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
30% |
13% |
56% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Question 5: Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of Maine Regarding the Timing of Judicial Review of the Determination of the Validity of Written Petitions" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Maine Question 8, Repeal Constitutional Provision Prohibiting Voting for Individuals Under Guardianship Due to Mental Illness Amendment (2023) Defeated
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Maine Question 8, Repeal Constitutional Provision Prohibiting Voting for Individuals Under Guardianship Due to Mental Illness Amendment (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| University of New Hampshire |
10/19/23-10/23/23 |
2750 LV |
± 3.5% |
24% |
34% |
42% |
| Question: "If the 2023 Maine Referendum Election were held today, how would you vote on the following ballot questions Proposing an Amendment to the Constitution of Maine to Allow Persons Under Guardianship for Mental Illness to Be Electors" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Mississippi
- See also: Mississippi 2023 ballot measures
Ballotpedia does not have data on polls for certified ballot measures in this state. If you know of polls that should be posted here, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
Ohio
- See also: Ohio 2023 ballot measures
Ohio Issue 1, 60% Vote Requirement to Approve Constitutional Amendments Measure (2023) Defeated
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Ohio Issue 1, 60% Vote Requirement to Approve Constitutional Amendments Measure (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| Northern Poll (Ohio Northern University) |
7/17/2023-7/26/2023 |
675 RV |
± 3.70% |
42.4% |
41.0% |
16.6% |
| Question: "Ohio law currently requires a simple majority (50%+1 person) of voters to approve a change to the state’s constitution. Do you agree or disagree with the effort to increase the threshold majority to 60%?" |
| USA TODAY Network/Suffolk University |
7/9/2023-7/12/2023 |
500 LV |
± 4.40% |
26.2% |
57.2% |
16.6% |
| Question: "Next month, Ohio voters will decide State Issue 1, which would require 60% of the vote for a constitutional amendment to pass instead of the current requirement of a simple majority. To put an amendment on the ballot, citizens would need to get signatures from voters in 88 counties instead of the current requirement of 44 counties. Issue 1 would also remove a 10-day period that allows petitioners, if necessary, to gather additional signatures for an amendment. Do you support or oppose State Issue 1?" |
| Scripps News/YouGov |
6/20/2023-6/22/2023 |
500 LV |
± 5.95% |
38% |
37% |
26% |
| Question: "Ohio law requires more than 50% of voters to approve a change to the state's Constitution. Do you agree or disagree with an effort to increase that threshold to 60%?" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Ohio Issue 1, Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative (2023) Approved
- See also: 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Ohio Right to Make Reproductive Decisions Including Abortion Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| Data for Progress |
10/31/23-11/2/23 |
582 LV |
± 4% |
57% |
40% |
3% |
| Question: "On November 7th, 2023 voters in Ohio will decide whether to enact State Issue 1, a proposed amendment to the Ohio Constitution. If passed, this amendment will go into effect 30 days after the election. The proposed amendment would establish a state constitutional right for an individual to carry out their reproductive decision without state interference. It would also prohibit the state from restricting abortion access from patients who medically need the procedure to protect their lives. If the election were held today and this amendment was on the ballot, would you vote for or against this amendment?" |
| Ohio Northern University |
10/16/23-10/19/23 |
668 RV |
± 3.8% |
52% |
36% |
12% |
| Question: "The following amendment, Issue 1, will be voted upon in this November’s election. It will: 1. Establish in the Constitution of the State of Ohio an individual right to one’s own reproductive medical treatment, including but not limited to abortion; 2. Create legal protections for any person or entity that assists a person with receiving reproductive medical treatment, including but not limited to abortion; 3. Prohibit the State from directly or indirectly burdening, penalizing, or prohibiting abortion before an unborn child is determined to be viable, unless the State demonstrates that it is using the least restrictive means; 4. Grant a pregnant woman’s treating physician the authority to determine, on a case-by-case basis, whether an unborn child is viable; 5. Only allow the State to prohibit an abortion after an unborn child is determined by a pregnant woman’s treating physician to be viable and only if the physician does not consider the abortion necessary to protect the pregnant woman’s life or health; and 6. Always allow an unborn child to be aborted at any stage of pregnancy, regardless of viability if, in the treating physician’s determination, the abortion is necessary to protect the pregnant woman’s life or health. Do you agree or disagree with the proposed amendment (Issue 1)?" |
| Baldwin Wallace University Community Research Institute |
10/9/23-10/11/23 |
850 RV |
± 4.5% |
58.2% |
33.5% |
8.2% |
| Question: "Issue 1 is an amendment to the Ohio Constitution which would protect the right to reproductive freedom, including “access to contraception, fertility treatment, continuing one’s own pregnancy, miscarriage care, and abortion.” The amendment would also allow the state to prohibit abortion after fetal viability, unless “it is necessary to protect the pregnant patient’s life or health.” If the election was held today, how would you vote on Issue 1?" |
| Ohio Northern University |
7/17/2023-7/26/2023 |
675 LV |
± 3.7% |
53.8% |
30% |
16.2% |
| Question: "A proposed constitutional amendment in Ohio aims to protect an individual’s personal autonomy on matters such as contraception, abortion, and fertility treatment. Do you agree or disagree with this measure?" |
| USA Today/Suffolk University |
7/9/2023-7/12/2023 |
500 LV |
± 4.4% |
58% |
32% |
10% |
| Question: "This November, Ohio voters may vote to enshrine abortion rights in the constitution. The amendment states that "every individual has a right to make and carry out one's own reproductive decisions, including but not limited to decisions on contraception, fertility treatment, continuing one's own pregnancy, miscarriage care and abortion." Abortion may be prohibited after fetal viability, when a treating physician determines the fetus has a significant likelihood of survival outside the uterus with reasonable measures. At this point, do you support or oppose this amendment?" |
| Scripps News/YouGov |
6/20/2023-6/22/2023 |
500 LV |
± 5.95% |
58% |
23% |
20% |
| Question: "A proposed constitutional amendment in Ohio would protect an individual's right to make their own decisions about issues like abortion, contraception and fertility treatment. Do you agree or disagree with this proposition?" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Ohio Issue 2, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2023) Approved
- See also: Ballotpedia's approach to covering polls and 2023 ballot measure polls
- Are you aware of a poll on this ballot measure that should be included below? You can share ballot measure polls, along with source links, with us at editor@ballotpedia.org.
| Ohio Issue 2, Marijuana Legalization Initiative (2023) |
| Poll |
Dates |
Sample size |
Margin of error |
Support |
Oppose |
Undecided |
| Baldwin Wallace University Community Research Institute Pulse Poll |
10/31/23-11/2/23 |
582 LV |
± 4% |
61% |
34% |
5% |
| Question: "On November 7th, 2023 voters in Ohio will decide whether to enact State Issue 2, a proposed law for the state. If
passed, this state law will go into effect 30 days after the election. The proposed law would allow adults over the age of 21 to purchase and possess recreational marijuana products. It would also allow the state government to regulate the cultivation and sale of recreational marijuana products in Ohio. If the election were held today and this law was on the ballot, would you vote for or against this law?" |
| Fallon Research & Communications |
8/22/23-8/25/23 |
501 RV |
± 4.4% |
59% |
32% |
9% |
| Question: "Another issue that will be on the ballot is to allow Ohioans ages 21 and older to buy and possess 2.5 ounces of cannabis and 15 grams of concentrates. They could also grow up to six plants individually and no more than 12 in a household, and products would be taxed 10%, with revenue going toward administrative costs, addiction treatment programs, municipalities with dispensaries and a social equity and jobs program. If the election were held today and you were voting, would you vote yes, in favor of this proposed law or no, against it?" |
| FM3 Research |
8/14/23-8/23/23 |
843 RV |
± 3.5% |
59% |
36% |
5% |
| Question: "An Act to Control and Regulate Adult-Use Cannabis. The Act would enact a new chapter of the Ohio Revised Code regarding adult use cannabis to authorize and regulate the cultivation, processing, sale, purchase, possession, home grow, and use of adult use cannabis by adults at least
21 years of age. It would: • Set limits on the amount of cannabis products that can be possessed at any one time; • Tax adult use marijuana sales at a rate of 10% in addition to usual sales taxes; • Establish and fund a social equity and jobs program; and • Fund addiction education and treatment services related to use of cannabis and other controlled substances like opiates.
Would you vote yes or no?" |
| Suffolk University/USA Today |
7/9/2023-7/12/2023 |
500 RV |
± 4.4% |
59% |
35% |
7% |
| Question: "This November, Ohio voters may face a ballot question that would allow Ohioans who are 21 years of age or older to buy and possess marijuana. Do you support or oppose this issue?" |
| Note: LV is likely voters, RV is registered voters, and EV is eligible voters. |
Oklahoma
- See also: Oklahoma 2023 ballot measures
Ballotpedia does not have data on polls for certified ballot measures in this state. If you know of polls that should be posted here, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
Washington
- See also: Washington 2023 ballot measures
Ballotpedia does not have data on polls for certified ballot measures in this state. If you know of polls that should be posted here, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
Wisconsin
- See also: Wisconsin 2023 ballot measures
Ballotpedia does not have data on polls for certified ballot measures in this state. If you know of polls that should be posted here, please email editor@ballotpedia.org.
See also
