2023 ballot measure election results
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In 2023, 41 statewide ballot measures were certified for the ballot in eight states—Colorado, Louisiana, Maine, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wisconsin. That's the highest number of state ballot measures for an odd-numbered year since 2007.
- Between March and August 2023, voters in three states decided on five ballot measures. Voters approved three and rejected two of these measures.
- On October 14, voters in Louisiana approved four constitutional amendments, including Amendment 1, which addressed private financing of election administration, and Amendment 2, which provided state constitutional rights regarding places of worship.
- On November 7, voters in five states decided on 28 ballot measures, including six citizen-initiated ballot measures (two in Ohio, and four in Maine). Voters approved 23 and rejected five ballot measures on November 7.
- On November 18, the last statewide ballot measure election of 2023, voters in Louisiana decided on an additional four constitutional amendments. Voters approved three and rejected one constitutional amendment.
- An overview of 2023 statewide ballot measures is available here.
- An overview of 2023 local ballot measures is available here.
The following table provides the number of approved and defeated state ballot measures in 2023:
| Date | Approved | Defeated |
|---|---|---|
| April 4 | 3 | 0 |
| March 7 | 0 | 1 |
| August 8 | 0 | 1 |
| October 14 | 4 | 0 |
| November 7 | 23 | 5 |
| November 18 | 3 | 1 |
| Total | 33 | 8 |
| Total (Percentage) | 80.49% | 19.51% |
Statewide ballot measures
November 18
On November 18, voters in Louisiana will decide on four state ballot measures.
Louisiana
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | Provide that the legislature may consider vetoed bills during a regular or extraordinary session rather than convening a separate veto session; clarify that the governor's deadline to act on a bill is based on the legislative session in which the bill was passed |
|
387,207 (61%) |
247,266 (39%) |
|
| Amendment 2 | Repeals constitutional provisions establishing various state funds that are now inactive and transfers remaining money in the funds to the state general fund |
|
346,766 (55%) |
287,211 (45%) |
|
| Amendment 3 | Authorizes local governments to provide an additional property tax exemption of up to $2,500 for first responders including fire fighters, emergency medical service personnel, emergency response dispatchers, peace officers, police officers, and sheriffs. |
|
338,823 (53%) |
300,477 (47%) |
|
| Amendment 4 | Allows the state legislature, through a two-thirds supermajority vote, to use up to $250 million of funds in the Revenue Stabilization Trust Fund to alleviate a budget deficit |
|
278,009 (44%) |
353,622 (56%) |
November 7
On November 7, voters in five states will decide on 28 ballot measures, including six citizen-initiated ballot measures (two in Ohio, and four in Maine).
Colorado
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposition HH | Enact changes to state property taxes and revenue limitations, including reducing property tax rates and allowing the state government to retain revenue that would otherwise be required to be reimbursed under TABOR |
|
682,667 (41%) |
995,259 (59%) |
|
| Proposition II | Allow the state government to retain and spend surplus revenue obtained from the higher taxes on cigarettes, tobacco, and nicotine products, as outlined in Proposition EE of 2020 |
|
1,130,047 (68%) |
543,405 (32%) |
Maine
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Question 1 | Require voter approval for certain state entities, municipal electric districts, electrification cooperatives, or consumer-owned transmission utilities to incur an outstanding debt that exceeds $1 billion |
|
260,670 (65%) |
137,478 (35%) |
|
| Question 2 | Prohibit election spending by foreign governments, including entities with partial (5% or more) foreign government ownership or control |
|
348,781 (86%) |
55,226 (14%) |
|
| Question 3 | Create the Pine Tree Power Company, an electric transmission and distribution utility governed by an elected board |
|
122,961 (30%) |
283,401 (70%) |
|
| Question 4 | Allow motor vehicle owners and independent repair facilities to have access to the vehicle on-board diagnostic systems |
|
341,574 (84%) |
63,208 (16%) |
|
| Question 5 | Change the judicial review period from within 100 days of a petition being filed to within 100 business days from the deadline for filing a petition |
|
227,602 (58%) |
166,876 (42%) |
|
| Question 6 | Repeals Article X, Section 7 of the Maine Constitution, which would provide for Section 1, Section 2, and Section 5, which concern American Indian provisions, to be included in any printed copies of the State Constitution |
|
289,818 (73%) |
107,466 (27%) |
|
| Question 7 | Remove the requirement that an initiative petition signature gatherer must be a resident and registered voter of Maine |
|
122,646 (31%) |
269,699 (69%) |
|
| Question 8 | Removes a constitutional provision, found unconstitutional in 2001, that says individuals under a guardianship for reasons of mental illness cannot vote for governor, senators, and representatives |
|
184,063 (47%) |
211,120 (53%) |
New York
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposal 1 | Remove the debt limitations in the New York Constitution from small city school districts |
|
1,504,083 (64%) |
833,758 (36%) |
|
| Proposal 2 | Exclude indebtedness for the construction or reconstruction of sewage facilities contracted prior to 2034 |
|
1,582,382 (68%) |
744,696 (32%) |
Ohio
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Issue 1 | Provide that each individual has the right to make and carry out one’s own reproductive decisions |
|
2,227,384 (57%) |
1,695,480 (43%) |
|
| Issue 2 | Legalize the recreational use of marijuana for adults 21 years of age or older |
|
2,226,399 (57%) |
1,666,316 (43%) |
Texas
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proposition 10 | Authorizes an ad valorem tax exemption on equipment and inventory manufactured by medical or biomedical companies |
|
1,370,569 (55%) |
1,121,576 (45%) |
|
| Proposition 11 | Authorizes the state legislature to permit conservation and reclamation districts in El Paso County to allow the county to issue bonds to fund parks and recreational facilities |
|
1,526,830 (63%) |
883,339 (37%) |
|
| Proposition 12 | Abolishes the Galveston County treasurer |
|
1,212,667 (53%) |
1,078,056 (47%) |
|
| Proposition 13 | Increases the mandatory retirement age for state judges from 75 to 79 |
|
932,834 (37%) |
1,567,129 (63%) |
|
| Proposition 14 | Creates the Centennial Parks Conservation Fund |
|
1,928,021 (77%) |
591,658 (23%) |
|
| Proposition 1 | Establishes a right to farming, ranching, timber production, horticulture, and wildlife management in the state constitution |
|
2,025,803 (79%) |
537,666 (21%) |
|
| Proposition 2 | Allow local governments to exempt child-care facilities from property taxes |
|
1,629,151 (65%) |
885,704 (35%) |
|
| Proposition 3 | Prohibit a wealth or net worth tax |
|
1,712,458 (68%) |
809,815 (32%) |
|
| Proposition 4 | Increase homestead tax exemption to $100,000 and increase state funding for public education |
|
2,121,784 (83%) |
421,177 (17%) |
|
| Proposition 5 | Renames the National Research University Fund to the Texas University Fund and establishes an ongoing revenue source from the accrued interest of the economic stabilization fund |
|
1,622,620 (64%) |
898,790 (36%) |
|
| Proposition 6 | Creates the Texas Water Fund to finance water projects |
|
1,969,996 (78%) |
566,712 (22%) |
|
| Proposition 7 | Creates the Texas Energy Fund and authorizes funding to modernize electric generation facilities |
|
1,644,279 (65%) |
888,410 (35%) |
|
| Proposition 8 | Creates the Texas Broadband Infrastructure Fund to finance high-speed broadband access |
|
1,750,736 (69%) |
770,112 (31%) |
|
| Proposition 9 | Authorizes the state legislature to make cost-of-living adjustments or other benefit enhancements to eligible annuitants of the teacher retirement system |
|
2,145,585 (84%) |
416,824 (16%) |
October 14
On October 14, voters in one state, Louisiana, approved four statewide ballot measures.
Louisiana
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amendment 1 | Prohibit state and local governments from using funds, goods, and services donated by foreign governments or nongovernmental (private) sources for the purpose of conducting elections |
|
734,324 (73%) |
277,564 (27%) |
|
| Amendment 2 | Provide in the Louisiana Constitution that "the freedom to worship in a church or other place of worship is a fundamental right that is worthy of the highest order of protection" |
|
805,676 (79%) |
211,621 (21%) |
|
| Amendment 3 | Require a minimum of 25% of nonrecurring state revenue to be applied to the balance of the unfunded liability of the state retirement system |
|
559,540 (56%) |
436,717 (44%) |
|
| Amendment 4 | Prohibit a nonprofit organization from receiving a property tax exemption when residential property is in disrepair and dangerous to the public's health or safety |
|
661,332 (66%) |
340,632 (34%) |
August 8
On March 8, voters in one state, Ohio, defeated one statewide ballot measure.
Ohio
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Issue 1 | Require a 60% vote to approve a constitutional amendment; increase the signature distribution requirement; and eliminate the signature cure period |
|
1,329,052 (43%) |
1,769,482 (57%) |
April 4
On April 4, voters in one state, Wisconsin, approved three statewide ballot measures.
Wisconsin
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Question 1 | Authorize the state legislature to define serious harm in relation to the conditions a judge imposes on an accused person released before conviction |
|
1,163,303 (67%) |
584,624 (33%) |
|
| Question 2 | Authorize judges to impose cash bail on an accused person of a violent crime based on circumstances, like the need to protect the community from serious harm and the probability the accused will not appear in court |
|
1,186,025 (68%) |
569,286 (32%) |
|
| Question 3 | Advise the state legislature to require able-bodied childless adults to look for work in order to receive tax-payer funded welfare benefits |
|
1,417,035 (80%) |
363,941 (20%) |
March 7
On March 7, voters in one state, Oklahoma, defeated one statewide ballot measure.
Oklahoma
| Type | Title | Description | Result | Yes Votes | No Votes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Question 820 | Legalize marijuana in Oklahoma |
|
217,078 (38%) |
349,284 (62%) |
Local ballot measures
In 2023, Ballotpedia covered local ballot measures that appeared on the ballot for voters within the 100 largest cities in the U.S., within state capitals, and throughout California. You can review the coverage scope of the local ballot measures project here.
Ballotpedia covered a selection of election-related, such as electoral systems like ranked-choice voting, and policing-related ballot measures outside of the largest cities.
- See also: Local ballot measure elections in 2023
Electoral systems
The following is a list of local ballot measures related to ranked-choice voting in 2023:
See also
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